2019 |
de la Torre-Luque, A; Balle, M; Fiol-Veny, A; Bornas, X; Sesé, A Assessing adolescents' internalizing symptoms using virtual social networks: A format equivalence study of the Revised Child Anxiety and Depression Scale. Artículo de revista Behavioral Psychology, 27 (1), 2019. Resumen | Enlaces | BibTeX | Etiquetas: @article{delaTorre-Luque2019c, title = {Assessing adolescents' internalizing symptoms using virtual social networks: A format equivalence study of the Revised Child Anxiety and Depression Scale.}, author = {de la Torre-Luque, A and Balle, M and Fiol-Veny, A and Bornas, X and Ses\'{e}, A.}, url = {https://www.behavioralpsycho.com/wp-content/uploads/2019/04/01.de-la-Torre_27-1rEn.pdf}, year = {2019}, date = {2019-10-30}, journal = {Behavioral Psychology}, volume = {27}, number = {1}, abstract = {The widespread use of virtual social networks (VSN) by adolescents makes it possible to conduct psychological assessments or health promotion using these platforms. However, psychometric properties of them should be validated. This study aimed to test the feasibility of administering the Revised Child Anxiety and Depression Scale (RCADS) over a secure social network, while preserving its original psychometric properties. To do so, a sample of 703 adolescents (M= 13.86 years, SD= .49) completed the questionnaire either over a social network or using paper and pencil. We tested a two-way format equivalence: quantitative equivalence (comparing score distributions across versions); and qualitative or conceptual equivalence (comparing the between-factor correlations between versions and measurement invariance). As a result, no difference was found between the score distributions of the two versions and between-factor intercorrelations with similar patterns in both versions. Finally, both methods for administering the RCADS showed an adequate fit with their theoretical latent structure, thus preserving format equivalence. To sum up, VSN may, therefore, constitute appropriate contexts for conducting psychological assessment and research among adolescents.}, keywords = {}, pubstate = {published}, tppubtype = {article} } The widespread use of virtual social networks (VSN) by adolescents makes it possible to conduct psychological assessments or health promotion using these platforms. However, psychometric properties of them should be validated. This study aimed to test the feasibility of administering the Revised Child Anxiety and Depression Scale (RCADS) over a secure social network, while preserving its original psychometric properties. To do so, a sample of 703 adolescents (M= 13.86 years, SD= .49) completed the questionnaire either over a social network or using paper and pencil. We tested a two-way format equivalence: quantitative equivalence (comparing score distributions across versions); and qualitative or conceptual equivalence (comparing the between-factor correlations between versions and measurement invariance). As a result, no difference was found between the score distributions of the two versions and between-factor intercorrelations with similar patterns in both versions. Finally, both methods for administering the RCADS showed an adequate fit with their theoretical latent structure, thus preserving format equivalence. To sum up, VSN may, therefore, constitute appropriate contexts for conducting psychological assessment and research among adolescents. |
de la Torre-Luque, A; Fiol-Veny, A; Balle, M; Nelemans, S A; Bornas, X Anxiety in Early Adolescence: Heterogeneous Developmental Trajectories, Associations with Risk Factors and Depressive Symptoms Artículo de revista Child Psychiatry Hum Dev, 2019. Resumen | Enlaces | BibTeX | Etiquetas: @article{delaTorre-Luque2019b, title = {Anxiety in Early Adolescence: Heterogeneous Developmental Trajectories, Associations with Risk Factors and Depressive Symptoms}, author = {de la Torre-Luque, A and Fiol-Veny, A and Balle, M and Nelemans, S. A and Bornas, X.}, url = {https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/31630311}, doi = {10.1007/s10578-019-00936-y}, year = {2019}, date = {2019-10-19}, journal = {Child Psychiatry Hum Dev}, abstract = {This study aimed: (1) to identify heterogeneous trajectories of anxiety symptoms in early adolescence; (2) to analyze the relationships between risk factors and identified trajectories; (3) to study the association between anxiety symptom trajectories and depression symptom course. Anxiety and depressive symptoms of 825 participants (44.40% boys; mean initial age = 13.01, SD = 0.56) was assessed every 6 months over an 18-month period. Trajectory identification relied on latent-variable approach. As a result, 2-4 trajectories were identified for social phobia (SP), generalized anxiety (GA) and panic symptoms, revealing at least a low-symptom course and a trajectory of elevated symptoms (at-risk trajectory). Being girl and sibling cohabitation were related to at-risk trajectories, and a course of low effortful control and heightened negative affectivity. Finally, SP and GA symptoms were related to heightened depressive symptom courses. Relevant implications towards tailored prevention and intervention are highlighted to promote a healthy development across adolescence.}, keywords = {}, pubstate = {published}, tppubtype = {article} } This study aimed: (1) to identify heterogeneous trajectories of anxiety symptoms in early adolescence; (2) to analyze the relationships between risk factors and identified trajectories; (3) to study the association between anxiety symptom trajectories and depression symptom course. Anxiety and depressive symptoms of 825 participants (44.40% boys; mean initial age = 13.01, SD = 0.56) was assessed every 6 months over an 18-month period. Trajectory identification relied on latent-variable approach. As a result, 2-4 trajectories were identified for social phobia (SP), generalized anxiety (GA) and panic symptoms, revealing at least a low-symptom course and a trajectory of elevated symptoms (at-risk trajectory). Being girl and sibling cohabitation were related to at-risk trajectories, and a course of low effortful control and heightened negative affectivity. Finally, SP and GA symptoms were related to heightened depressive symptom courses. Relevant implications towards tailored prevention and intervention are highlighted to promote a healthy development across adolescence. |
Domènech-Abella, J; Mundó, J; Miret, M; Ayuso-Mateos, J L; Sánchez-Niubò, A; Abduljabbar, A S; Maria Haro, J; Olaya, B From childhood financial hardship to late-life depression: socioeconomic pathways Artículo de revista Aging & mental health, pp. 1-8, 2019. Resumen | Enlaces | BibTeX | Etiquetas: @article{Dom\`{e}nech-Abella2019, title = {From childhood financial hardship to late-life depression: socioeconomic pathways}, author = {Dom\`{e}nech-Abella, J and Mund\'{o}, J and Miret, M and Ayuso-Mateos, J.L and S\'{a}nchez-Niub\`{o}, A and Abduljabbar, A.S and Maria Haro, J and Olaya, B}, editor = {Routledge}, url = {https://www.tandfonline.com/doi/full/10.1080/13607863.2019.1671313}, doi = {10.1080/13607863.2019.1671313}, year = {2019}, date = {2019-10-09}, journal = {Aging & mental health}, pages = {1-8}, abstract = {Objective: Childhood financial hardship is associated with depression throughout the life course, including older adulthood. However, it is still unclear the extent to which occupation, education level and household income are mediators of this association. We aimed to examine the association between childhood financial hardship and late-life depression, and potential socioeconomic mediators using community-based data. Methods: A nationally representative sample of 3623 non-institutionalized older Spanish adults aged 50+ was used. The associations between childhood financial hardship and depression, socioeconomic mediator variables and confounding variables such as chronic physical conditions, number of close people, and loneliness, were assessed through logistic regression models. Mediation analyses of socioeconomic variables were carried out. Results: Older Spanish adults who experienced a poor childhood financial situation were nine times more likely to obtain a lower level of education than those with a good childhood financial situation, and about three times more likely to suffer from depression. Participants’ education level mediated about 35\textendash40% of the association between childhood financial hardship and late-life depression whereas we found no significant mediation effect of household income and occupation skill. Conclusion: Improving access to the educational system during the life course might result in a reduction in the prevalence of depression in the general population of older adults and particularly among individuals with low socioeconomic status.}, keywords = {}, pubstate = {published}, tppubtype = {article} } Objective: Childhood financial hardship is associated with depression throughout the life course, including older adulthood. However, it is still unclear the extent to which occupation, education level and household income are mediators of this association. We aimed to examine the association between childhood financial hardship and late-life depression, and potential socioeconomic mediators using community-based data. Methods: A nationally representative sample of 3623 non-institutionalized older Spanish adults aged 50+ was used. The associations between childhood financial hardship and depression, socioeconomic mediator variables and confounding variables such as chronic physical conditions, number of close people, and loneliness, were assessed through logistic regression models. Mediation analyses of socioeconomic variables were carried out. Results: Older Spanish adults who experienced a poor childhood financial situation were nine times more likely to obtain a lower level of education than those with a good childhood financial situation, and about three times more likely to suffer from depression. Participants’ education level mediated about 35–40% of the association between childhood financial hardship and late-life depression whereas we found no significant mediation effect of household income and occupation skill. Conclusion: Improving access to the educational system during the life course might result in a reduction in the prevalence of depression in the general population of older adults and particularly among individuals with low socioeconomic status. |
Lopez-Garcia, P; Ashby, S; Patel, P; Pierce, K M; Meyer, M; Rosenthal A Titone, M; Carter, C; Niendam, T Clinical and neurodevelopmental correlates of aggression in early psychosis. Artículo de revista Schizophr Res, (212), pp. 171-176, 2019. Resumen | Enlaces | BibTeX | Etiquetas: @article{Lopez-Garcia2019, title = {Clinical and neurodevelopmental correlates of aggression in early psychosis.}, author = {Lopez-Garcia, P and Ashby, S and Patel, P and Pierce, K. M and Meyer, M and Rosenthal, A Titone, M and Carter, C and Niendam, T. }, url = {https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/31387826}, doi = {10.1016/j.schres.2019.07.045}, year = {2019}, date = {2019-10-01}, journal = {Schizophr Res}, number = {212}, pages = {171-176}, abstract = {BACKGROUND: Although mental illness accounts for only 4% of aggressive behavior in the general population, there remains a modest association between aggressive behavior and psychotic disorders, particularly in the early stages of the illness. However, little is known about the specific factors associated to this increased risk. AIMS: The present study aims to assess the rates, characteristics and risk factors of aggressive behavior in first episode psychosis patients (FEP). METHOD: We conducted a retrospective chart review of 449 FEP patients recruited from an outpatient early psychosis clinic. Aggressive behavior and clinical information were rated based upon information gathered from the chart review of data collected at baseline and after 6 months of follow-up. RESULTS: Rates of aggressive behavior were 54.3% in FEP patients. Aggressive behavior was significantly associated with higher rates of history of birth complications, neurodevelopmental delays, learning difficulties, alcohol use disorders, and the clinical domain of poverty symptoms. In addition to aggressive behavior, 16.7% of FEP patients exhibited suicidal ideation or behaviors and 11.4% exhibited non-suicidal self-injurious behavior (NSSIB). In contrast to baseline, aggressive behaviors at 6 months follow up were almost entirely absent. CONCLUSIONS: Patients at early stages of psychosis have high rates of aggressive and suicidal behavior prior to contact with clinical services. Neurodevelopmental adversities, alcohol use disorders and poverty symptoms are associated to higher risk of aggression in early psychosis. Participation in early psychosis specialty care resulted in a dramatic reduction in aggressive behavior.}, keywords = {}, pubstate = {published}, tppubtype = {article} } BACKGROUND: Although mental illness accounts for only 4% of aggressive behavior in the general population, there remains a modest association between aggressive behavior and psychotic disorders, particularly in the early stages of the illness. However, little is known about the specific factors associated to this increased risk. AIMS: The present study aims to assess the rates, characteristics and risk factors of aggressive behavior in first episode psychosis patients (FEP). METHOD: We conducted a retrospective chart review of 449 FEP patients recruited from an outpatient early psychosis clinic. Aggressive behavior and clinical information were rated based upon information gathered from the chart review of data collected at baseline and after 6 months of follow-up. RESULTS: Rates of aggressive behavior were 54.3% in FEP patients. Aggressive behavior was significantly associated with higher rates of history of birth complications, neurodevelopmental delays, learning difficulties, alcohol use disorders, and the clinical domain of poverty symptoms. In addition to aggressive behavior, 16.7% of FEP patients exhibited suicidal ideation or behaviors and 11.4% exhibited non-suicidal self-injurious behavior (NSSIB). In contrast to baseline, aggressive behaviors at 6 months follow up were almost entirely absent. CONCLUSIONS: Patients at early stages of psychosis have high rates of aggressive and suicidal behavior prior to contact with clinical services. Neurodevelopmental adversities, alcohol use disorders and poverty symptoms are associated to higher risk of aggression in early psychosis. Participation in early psychosis specialty care resulted in a dramatic reduction in aggressive behavior. |
de la Torre‐Luque, A; de la Fuente, J; Sanchez‐Niubo, A; Caballero, F F; Prina, M; Muniz‐Terrera, G; Haro, J M; Ayuso‐Mateos, J L Stability of clinically relevant depression symptoms in old‐age across 11 cohorts: a multi‐state study Artículo de revista Acta Psychiatrica Scandinavica, 2019. Resumen | Enlaces | BibTeX | Etiquetas: @article{delaTorre‐Luque2019, title = {Stability of clinically relevant depression symptoms in old‐age across 11 cohorts: a multi‐state study}, author = {de la Torre‐Luque, A and de la Fuente, J and Sanchez‐Niubo, A and Caballero, F.F and Prina, M and Muniz‐Terrera, G and Haro, J.M and Ayuso‐Mateos, J.L}, url = {https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/full/10.1111/acps.13107}, doi = {10.1111/acps.13107}, year = {2019}, date = {2019-09-30}, journal = {Acta Psychiatrica Scandinavica}, abstract = {Aims To study the temporal dynamics of depression symptom episodes in old‐age and the related influence of risk factors. Methods Data from 41 362 old adults (54.61% women; mean age = 75.30, SD = 6.20) from the Ageing Trajectories of Health \textendash Longitudinal Opportunities and Synergies (ATHLOS) project were used. Depressive symptoms were followed over an 18‐year period. A multi‐state model, comprising three statuses (no depression, new clinically relevant episode of symptoms and episode persistence), was fitted. Multinomial regression was used to study the role of risk factors in status transition. Results Almost 85% of participants showed no depression, but prevalence became lower over time (B = −0.25, P < 0.001). New episode point prevalence was over 5.30% with a significant probability of moving to persistence status (transition probability = 0.27). Episode persistence became evident in 9.86% of episode status transitions, with increasing rate over time (B = 0.54, P < 0.01). Loneliness was proven to be the strongest predictor of episode emergence (OR = 17.76) and persistence (OR = 5.93). Conclusions The course of depression tends to become chronic and unremitting in old‐age. This study may help to plan interventions to tackle symptom escalation and risk factor influence.}, keywords = {}, pubstate = {published}, tppubtype = {article} } Aims To study the temporal dynamics of depression symptom episodes in old‐age and the related influence of risk factors. Methods Data from 41 362 old adults (54.61% women; mean age = 75.30, SD = 6.20) from the Ageing Trajectories of Health – Longitudinal Opportunities and Synergies (ATHLOS) project were used. Depressive symptoms were followed over an 18‐year period. A multi‐state model, comprising three statuses (no depression, new clinically relevant episode of symptoms and episode persistence), was fitted. Multinomial regression was used to study the role of risk factors in status transition. Results Almost 85% of participants showed no depression, but prevalence became lower over time (B = −0.25, P < 0.001). New episode point prevalence was over 5.30% with a significant probability of moving to persistence status (transition probability = 0.27). Episode persistence became evident in 9.86% of episode status transitions, with increasing rate over time (B = 0.54, P < 0.01). Loneliness was proven to be the strongest predictor of episode emergence (OR = 17.76) and persistence (OR = 5.93). Conclusions The course of depression tends to become chronic and unremitting in old‐age. This study may help to plan interventions to tackle symptom escalation and risk factor influence. |
Vancampfort, D; Lara, E; Smith, L; Rosenbaum, S; Firth, J; Stubbs, B; Hallgren, M; Koyanagi, A Physical activity and loneliness among adults aged 50 years or older in six low‐ and middle‐income countries Artículo de revista Int J Geriatr Psychiatry, 2019. Resumen | Enlaces | BibTeX | Etiquetas: @article{Vancampfort2019b, title = {Physical activity and loneliness among adults aged 50 years or older in six low‐ and middle‐income countries}, author = {Vancampfort, D and Lara, E and Smith, L and Rosenbaum, S and Firth, J and Stubbs, B and Hallgren, M and Koyanagi, A.}, url = {https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/abs/10.1002/gps.5202}, year = {2019}, date = {2019-08-21}, journal = { Int J Geriatr Psychiatry}, abstract = {Introduction Loneliness is widespread and associated with deleterious outcomes in middle‐aged and older age people in low‐ and middle‐income countries (LMICs). Physical activity is one potential psychosocial strategy with the potential to reduce loneliness in this population. Thus, the aim of this study was to explore associations between physical activity (PA) and loneliness in middle‐aged and older people from six LMICs. Materials and methods Data from the Study on Global Ageing and Adult Health (SAGE) were analyzed. Self‐reported data on loneliness and PA (as assessed by the Global Physical Activity Questionnaire) were collected. Participants were dichotomized into those who do and do not meet the international recommendation of 150 minutes of moderate to vigorous PA per week. Associations between loneliness and PA were examined using logistic regressions. Results Among 34 129 individuals aged 50 years or older, the prevalence of loneliness was higher among those not meeting the PA guidelines in all countries, although this difference was not significant in Mexico and South Africa. After full adjustment, not meeting PA guidelines was positively associated with loneliness in the meta‐analysis based on country‐wise estimates, with a moderate level of between‐country heterogeneity being observed (OR = 1.31; 95% CI, 1.07‐1.61; I2 = 48.7%). At an individual country level, statistical significance was only reached in Ghana (OR = 1.89; 95% CI = 1.44‐2.49). Discussion Our data suggest that physical inactivity and loneliness commonly co‐occur in adults aged 50 years or older in LMICs overall but that this association differs by country. Longitudinal studies are required to confirm these findings and investigate potential mechanisms that may inform future interventions.}, keywords = {}, pubstate = {published}, tppubtype = {article} } Introduction Loneliness is widespread and associated with deleterious outcomes in middle‐aged and older age people in low‐ and middle‐income countries (LMICs). Physical activity is one potential psychosocial strategy with the potential to reduce loneliness in this population. Thus, the aim of this study was to explore associations between physical activity (PA) and loneliness in middle‐aged and older people from six LMICs. Materials and methods Data from the Study on Global Ageing and Adult Health (SAGE) were analyzed. Self‐reported data on loneliness and PA (as assessed by the Global Physical Activity Questionnaire) were collected. Participants were dichotomized into those who do and do not meet the international recommendation of 150 minutes of moderate to vigorous PA per week. Associations between loneliness and PA were examined using logistic regressions. Results Among 34 129 individuals aged 50 years or older, the prevalence of loneliness was higher among those not meeting the PA guidelines in all countries, although this difference was not significant in Mexico and South Africa. After full adjustment, not meeting PA guidelines was positively associated with loneliness in the meta‐analysis based on country‐wise estimates, with a moderate level of between‐country heterogeneity being observed (OR = 1.31; 95% CI, 1.07‐1.61; I2 = 48.7%). At an individual country level, statistical significance was only reached in Ghana (OR = 1.89; 95% CI = 1.44‐2.49). Discussion Our data suggest that physical inactivity and loneliness commonly co‐occur in adults aged 50 years or older in LMICs overall but that this association differs by country. Longitudinal studies are required to confirm these findings and investigate potential mechanisms that may inform future interventions. |
Ayuso-Mateos, JL ; Miret, M; Lopez-Garcia, P; Alem, A; Chisholm, D; Gureje, O; Hanlon, C; Jordans, M; Kigozi F Lund, C; Petersen, I; Semrau, M; Shidhaye, R; Thornicroft, G Effective methods for knowledge transfer to strengthen mental health systems in low-and middle-income countries Artículo de revista BJPsych Open, 5 (5), 2019. Resumen | Enlaces | BibTeX | Etiquetas: @article{Ayuso-Mateos2019, title = {Effective methods for knowledge transfer to strengthen mental health systems in low-and middle-income countries}, author = {Ayuso-Mateos, JL and Miret, M and Lopez-Garcia, P and Alem, A and Chisholm, D and Gureje, O and Hanlon, C and Jordans, M and Kigozi, F Lund, C and Petersen, I and Semrau, M and Shidhaye, R and Thornicroft, G}, editor = {Cambridge University Press }, url = {https://www.cambridge.org/core/journals/bjpsych-open/article/effective-methods-for-knowledge-transfer-to-strengthen-mental-health-systems-in-low-and-middleincome-countries/D43AB95CB78FC91CB39E5D9845B355F1}, doi = {10.1192/bjo.2019.50}, year = {2019}, date = {2019-08-06}, journal = {BJPsych Open}, volume = {5}, number = {5}, abstract = {BACKGROUND: The Emerald project's focus is on how to strengthen mental health systems in six low- and middle-income countries (LMICs) (Ethiopia, India, Nepal, Nigeria, South Africa and Uganda). This was done by generating evidence and capacity to enhance health system performance in delivering mental healthcare.A common problem in scaling-up interventions and strengthening mental health programmes in LMICs is how to transfer research evidence, such as the data collected in the Emerald project, into practice. AIMS: To describe how core elements of Emerald were implemented and aligned with the ultimate goal of strengthening mental health systems, as well as their short-term impact on practices, policies and programmes in the six partner countries. METHOD: We focused on the involvement of policy planners, managers, patients and carers. RESULTS: Over 5 years of collaboration, the Emerald consortium has provided evidence and tools for the improvement of mental healthcare in the six LMICs involved in the project. We found that the knowledge transfer efforts had an impact on mental health service delivery and policy planning at the sites and countries involved in the project. CONCLUSIONS: This approach may be valid beyond the mental health context, and may be effective for any initiative that aims at implementing evidence-based health policies for health system strengthening.}, keywords = {}, pubstate = {published}, tppubtype = {article} } BACKGROUND: The Emerald project's focus is on how to strengthen mental health systems in six low- and middle-income countries (LMICs) (Ethiopia, India, Nepal, Nigeria, South Africa and Uganda). This was done by generating evidence and capacity to enhance health system performance in delivering mental healthcare.A common problem in scaling-up interventions and strengthening mental health programmes in LMICs is how to transfer research evidence, such as the data collected in the Emerald project, into practice. AIMS: To describe how core elements of Emerald were implemented and aligned with the ultimate goal of strengthening mental health systems, as well as their short-term impact on practices, policies and programmes in the six partner countries. METHOD: We focused on the involvement of policy planners, managers, patients and carers. RESULTS: Over 5 years of collaboration, the Emerald consortium has provided evidence and tools for the improvement of mental healthcare in the six LMICs involved in the project. We found that the knowledge transfer efforts had an impact on mental health service delivery and policy planning at the sites and countries involved in the project. CONCLUSIONS: This approach may be valid beyond the mental health context, and may be effective for any initiative that aims at implementing evidence-based health policies for health system strengthening. |
Evans-Lacko, S; Hanlon, C; Alem, A; Ayuso-Mateos, JL ; Chisholm, D; Gureje, O; Jordans, M; Kigozi, F; Lempp, H; Lund, C; Petersen, I; Shidhaye, R; Thornicroft, G; Semrau, M BJPsych Open, 5 (5), 2019. Resumen | Enlaces | BibTeX | Etiquetas: @article{Evans-Lacko2019b, title = {Evaluation of capacity-building strategies for mental health system strengthening in low- and middle-income countries for service users and caregivers, policymakers and planners, and researchers}, author = {Evans-Lacko, S and Hanlon, C and Alem, A and Ayuso-Mateos, JL and Chisholm, D and Gureje, O and Jordans, M and Kigozi, F and Lempp, H and Lund, C and Petersen, I and Shidhaye, R and Thornicroft, G and Semrau, M}, editor = {Cambridge University Press}, url = {https://www.cambridge.org/core/journals/bjpsych-open/article/evaluation-of-capacitybuilding-strategies-for-mental-health-system-strengthening-in-low-and-middleincome-countries-for-service-users-and-caregivers-policymakers-and-planners-and-researchers/9F2531CD5AA2F4BA16B3B5274229C5EC}, doi = {10.1192/bjo.2019.14}, year = {2019}, date = {2019-08-06}, journal = {BJPsych Open}, volume = {5}, number = {5}, abstract = {Background Strengthening of mental health systems in low- and middle-income countries (LMICs) requires the involvement of appropriately skilled and committed individuals from a range of stakeholder groups. Currently, few evidence-based capacity-building activities and materials are available to enable and sustain comprehensive improvements. Aims Within the Emerald project, the goal of this study was to evaluate capacity-building activities for three target groups: (a) service users with mental health conditions and their caregivers; (b) policymakers and planners; and (c) mental health researchers. Method We developed and tailored three short courses (between 1 and 5 days long). We then implemented and evaluated these short courses on 24 different occasions. We assessed satisfaction among 527 course participants as well as pre\textendashpost changes in knowledge in six LMICs (Ethiopia, India, Nepal, Nigeria, South Africa, Uganda). Changes in research capacity of partner Emerald institutions was also assessed through monitoring of academic outputs of participating researchers and students and via anonymous surveys. Results Short courses were associated with high levels of satisfaction and led to improvements in knowledge across target groups. In relation to institutional capacity building, all partner institutions reported improvements in research capacity for most aspects of mental health system strengthening and global mental health, and many of these positive changes were attributed to the Emerald programme. In terms of outputs, eight PhD students submitted a total of 10 papers relating to their PhD work (range 0\textendash4) and were involved in 14 grant applications, of which 43% (n = 6) were successful. Conclusions The Emerald project has shown that building capacity of key stakeholders in mental health system strengthening is possible. However, the starting point and appropriate strategies for this may vary across different countries, depending on the local context, needs and resources.}, keywords = {}, pubstate = {published}, tppubtype = {article} } Background Strengthening of mental health systems in low- and middle-income countries (LMICs) requires the involvement of appropriately skilled and committed individuals from a range of stakeholder groups. Currently, few evidence-based capacity-building activities and materials are available to enable and sustain comprehensive improvements. Aims Within the Emerald project, the goal of this study was to evaluate capacity-building activities for three target groups: (a) service users with mental health conditions and their caregivers; (b) policymakers and planners; and (c) mental health researchers. Method We developed and tailored three short courses (between 1 and 5 days long). We then implemented and evaluated these short courses on 24 different occasions. We assessed satisfaction among 527 course participants as well as pre–post changes in knowledge in six LMICs (Ethiopia, India, Nepal, Nigeria, South Africa, Uganda). Changes in research capacity of partner Emerald institutions was also assessed through monitoring of academic outputs of participating researchers and students and via anonymous surveys. Results Short courses were associated with high levels of satisfaction and led to improvements in knowledge across target groups. In relation to institutional capacity building, all partner institutions reported improvements in research capacity for most aspects of mental health system strengthening and global mental health, and many of these positive changes were attributed to the Emerald programme. In terms of outputs, eight PhD students submitted a total of 10 papers relating to their PhD work (range 0–4) and were involved in 14 grant applications, of which 43% (n = 6) were successful. Conclusions The Emerald project has shown that building capacity of key stakeholders in mental health system strengthening is possible. However, the starting point and appropriate strategies for this may vary across different countries, depending on the local context, needs and resources. |
Semrau, M; Alem, A; Ayuso-Mateos, JL ; Chisholm, D; Gureje, O; Hanlon, C; Jordans, M; Kigozi, F; Lund, C; Petersen, I; Shidhaye, R; Thornicroft, G Strengthening mental health systems in low-and middle-income countries: recommendations from the Emerald programme Artículo de revista BJPsych Open, 5 (5), 2019. Resumen | Enlaces | BibTeX | Etiquetas: @article{Semrau2019, title = {Strengthening mental health systems in low-and middle-income countries: recommendations from the Emerald programme}, author = {Semrau, M and Alem, A and Ayuso-Mateos, JL and Chisholm, D and Gureje, O and Hanlon, C and Jordans, M and Kigozi, F and Lund, C and Petersen, I and Shidhaye, R and Thornicroft, G}, editor = {Cambridge University Press}, url = {https://www.cambridge.org/core/journals/bjpsych-open/article/strengthening-mental-health-systems-in-low-and-middleincome-countries-recommendations-from-the-emerald-programme/5D1FAA1AC41839461CF38250F13272E6}, doi = {10.1192/bjo.2018.90}, year = {2019}, date = {2019-08-06}, journal = {BJPsych Open}, volume = {5}, number = {5}, abstract = {Background Strengthening of mental health systems in low- and middle-income countries (LMICs) requires the involvement of appropriately skilled and committed individuals from a range of stakeholder groups. Currently, few evidence-based capacity-building activities and materials are available to enable and sustain comprehensive improvements. Aims Within the Emerald project, the goal of this study was to evaluate capacity-building activities for three target groups: (a) service users with mental health conditions and their caregivers; (b) policymakers and planners; and (c) mental health researchers. Method We developed and tailored three short courses (between 1 and 5 days long). We then implemented and evaluated these short courses on 24 different occasions. We assessed satisfaction among 527 course participants as well as pre\textendashpost changes in knowledge in six LMICs (Ethiopia, India, Nepal, Nigeria, South Africa, Uganda). Changes in research capacity of partner Emerald institutions was also assessed through monitoring of academic outputs of participating researchers and students and via anonymous surveys. Results Short courses were associated with high levels of satisfaction and led to improvements in knowledge across target groups. In relation to institutional capacity building, all partner institutions reported improvements in research capacity for most aspects of mental health system strengthening and global mental health, and many of these positive changes were attributed to the Emerald programme. In terms of outputs, eight PhD students submitted a total of 10 papers relating to their PhD work (range 0\textendash4) and were involved in 14 grant applications, of which 43% (n = 6) were successful. Conclusions The Emerald project has shown that building capacity of key stakeholders in mental health system strengthening is possible. However, the starting point and appropriate strategies for this may vary across different countries, depending on the local context, needs and resources.}, keywords = {}, pubstate = {published}, tppubtype = {article} } Background Strengthening of mental health systems in low- and middle-income countries (LMICs) requires the involvement of appropriately skilled and committed individuals from a range of stakeholder groups. Currently, few evidence-based capacity-building activities and materials are available to enable and sustain comprehensive improvements. Aims Within the Emerald project, the goal of this study was to evaluate capacity-building activities for three target groups: (a) service users with mental health conditions and their caregivers; (b) policymakers and planners; and (c) mental health researchers. Method We developed and tailored three short courses (between 1 and 5 days long). We then implemented and evaluated these short courses on 24 different occasions. We assessed satisfaction among 527 course participants as well as pre–post changes in knowledge in six LMICs (Ethiopia, India, Nepal, Nigeria, South Africa, Uganda). Changes in research capacity of partner Emerald institutions was also assessed through monitoring of academic outputs of participating researchers and students and via anonymous surveys. Results Short courses were associated with high levels of satisfaction and led to improvements in knowledge across target groups. In relation to institutional capacity building, all partner institutions reported improvements in research capacity for most aspects of mental health system strengthening and global mental health, and many of these positive changes were attributed to the Emerald programme. In terms of outputs, eight PhD students submitted a total of 10 papers relating to their PhD work (range 0–4) and were involved in 14 grant applications, of which 43% (n = 6) were successful. Conclusions The Emerald project has shown that building capacity of key stakeholders in mental health system strengthening is possible. However, the starting point and appropriate strategies for this may vary across different countries, depending on the local context, needs and resources. |
Olaya, B; Moneta, MV ; Lara, E; Miret, M; Martín-María, N; Moreno-Agostino, D; Ayuso-Mateos, JL ; Abduljabbar, AS ; Haro, JM. Fruit and Vegetable Consumption and Potential Moderators Associated with All-Cause Mortality in a Representative Sample of Spanish Older Adults Artículo de revista Nutrients, 11 (8), 2019. Resumen | Enlaces | BibTeX | Etiquetas: @article{Olaya2019b, title = {Fruit and Vegetable Consumption and Potential Moderators Associated with All-Cause Mortality in a Representative Sample of Spanish Older Adults}, author = {Olaya, B and Moneta, MV and Lara, E and Miret, M and Mart\'{i}n-Mar\'{i}a, N and Moreno-Agostino, D and Ayuso-Mateos, JL and Abduljabbar, AS and Haro, JM.}, url = {https://www.mdpi.com/2072-6643/11/8/1794}, doi = {10.3390/nu11081794}, year = {2019}, date = {2019-08-02}, journal = {Nutrients}, volume = {11}, number = {8}, abstract = {This study sought to determine the association between levels of fruit and vegetable consumption and time to death, and to explore potential moderators. We analyzed a nationally-representative sample of 1699 older adults aged 65+ who were followed up for a period of 6 years. Participants were classified into low (≤3 servings day), medium (4), or high (≥5) consumption using tertiles. Unadjusted and adjusted cox proportional hazard regression models (by age, gender, cohabiting, education, multimorbidity, smoking, physical activity, alcohol consumption, and obesity) were calculated. The majority of participants (65.7%) did not meet the recommendation of five servings per day. High fruit and vegetable intake increased by 27% the probability of surviving among older adults with two chronic conditions, compared to those who consumed ≤3 servings per day (HR = 0.38, 95%CI = 0.21\textendash0.69). However, this beneficial effect was not found for people with none, one chronic condition or three or more, indicating that this protective effect might not be sufficient for more severe cases of multimorbidity. Given a common co-occurrence of two non-communicable diseases in the elderly and the low frequency of fruit and vegetable consumption in this population, interventions to promote consuming five or more servings per day could have a significant positive impact on reducing mortality.}, keywords = {}, pubstate = {published}, tppubtype = {article} } This study sought to determine the association between levels of fruit and vegetable consumption and time to death, and to explore potential moderators. We analyzed a nationally-representative sample of 1699 older adults aged 65+ who were followed up for a period of 6 years. Participants were classified into low (≤3 servings day), medium (4), or high (≥5) consumption using tertiles. Unadjusted and adjusted cox proportional hazard regression models (by age, gender, cohabiting, education, multimorbidity, smoking, physical activity, alcohol consumption, and obesity) were calculated. The majority of participants (65.7%) did not meet the recommendation of five servings per day. High fruit and vegetable intake increased by 27% the probability of surviving among older adults with two chronic conditions, compared to those who consumed ≤3 servings per day (HR = 0.38, 95%CI = 0.21–0.69). However, this beneficial effect was not found for people with none, one chronic condition or three or more, indicating that this protective effect might not be sufficient for more severe cases of multimorbidity. Given a common co-occurrence of two non-communicable diseases in the elderly and the low frequency of fruit and vegetable consumption in this population, interventions to promote consuming five or more servings per day could have a significant positive impact on reducing mortality. |
de la Torre-Luque, A; Essau, CA. Symptom network connectivity in adolescents with comorbid major depressive disorder and social phobia Artículo de revista J Affect Disord. , 255 , pp. 60-63, 2019. Resumen | Enlaces | BibTeX | Etiquetas: @article{delaTorre-Luque2019, title = {Symptom network connectivity in adolescents with comorbid major depressive disorder and social phobia}, author = {de la Torre-Luque, A and Essau, CA.}, doi = {10.1016/j.jad.2019.05.015}, year = {2019}, date = {2019-08-01}, journal = {J Affect Disord. }, volume = {255}, pages = {60-63}, abstract = {PURPOSE: Major depressive disorder (MDD) and social phobia (SP) are both common and highly co-occurring psychiatric disorders. This study used symptom network analysis approach to examine comorbidity structure and the complex symptom dynamics which may play a role in the co-occurrence of MDD and SP. METHOD: Data comes from the National Comorbidity Survey - Adolescent Supplement, a nationally representative survey of adolescents ages 13 to 18 years. This study examined data of adolescents with a lifetime diagnosis of MDD (n = 597), SP (n = 708), and adolescents with comorbid MDD and SP (n = 189). Networks were estimated by means of 26 symptoms from both disorders. RESULTS: All MDD and SP symptoms were involved in the network of both pure disorders (MDD; SP) and comorbid condition (MDD + SP). Network structure was different between the pure disorders (p = 0.014), but not when comparing each of these disorders that have comorbid condition. Depressive symptoms of poor self-esteem and suicidal symptoms were central (i.e., showed a higher influence) in the symptom network for the pure disorders and for the comorbid condition. Other key symptoms in the comorbid condition network were two depressive symptoms: feelings of worthlessness and anhedonia. SP and MDD networks showed two common key SP symptoms: feeling uncomfortable when meeting new people and feeling uncomfortable talking to people do not know well. CONCLUSION: The study of symptom dynamics will provide useful targets for preventing the development of comorbid disorders as well as new lines of intervention to deal with key symptoms of psychiatric disorders. Copyright © 2019 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.}, keywords = {}, pubstate = {published}, tppubtype = {article} } PURPOSE: Major depressive disorder (MDD) and social phobia (SP) are both common and highly co-occurring psychiatric disorders. This study used symptom network analysis approach to examine comorbidity structure and the complex symptom dynamics which may play a role in the co-occurrence of MDD and SP. METHOD: Data comes from the National Comorbidity Survey - Adolescent Supplement, a nationally representative survey of adolescents ages 13 to 18 years. This study examined data of adolescents with a lifetime diagnosis of MDD (n = 597), SP (n = 708), and adolescents with comorbid MDD and SP (n = 189). Networks were estimated by means of 26 symptoms from both disorders. RESULTS: All MDD and SP symptoms were involved in the network of both pure disorders (MDD; SP) and comorbid condition (MDD + SP). Network structure was different between the pure disorders (p = 0.014), but not when comparing each of these disorders that have comorbid condition. Depressive symptoms of poor self-esteem and suicidal symptoms were central (i.e., showed a higher influence) in the symptom network for the pure disorders and for the comorbid condition. Other key symptoms in the comorbid condition network were two depressive symptoms: feelings of worthlessness and anhedonia. SP and MDD networks showed two common key SP symptoms: feeling uncomfortable when meeting new people and feeling uncomfortable talking to people do not know well. CONCLUSION: The study of symptom dynamics will provide useful targets for preventing the development of comorbid disorders as well as new lines of intervention to deal with key symptoms of psychiatric disorders. Copyright © 2019 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. |
De la Torre-Luque, A; Balle, M; Fiol-Veny, A; Bornas, X; Sese, A Assessing adolescents’ internalizing symptoms using virtual social networks: a format equivalence study of the revised child anxiety and depression scale. Artículo de revista Behav Psycho, 27 (1), pp. 5-20, 2019. @article{laTorre-Luque2019b, title = {Assessing adolescents’ internalizing symptoms using virtual social networks: a format equivalence study of the revised child anxiety and depression scale. }, author = {De la Torre-Luque, A and Balle, M and Fiol-Veny, A and Bornas, X and Sese, A. }, year = {2019}, date = {2019-08-01}, journal = {Behav Psycho}, volume = {27}, number = {1}, pages = {5-20}, abstract = {El uso de las redes sociales por parte de adolescentes est\'{a} bastante extendido actualmente. Esto posibilita el desarrollo de programas de evaluaci\'{o}n y promoci\'{o}n de la salud mediante dichas v\'{i}as, si se conservan garant\'{i}as psicom\'{e}tricas en su uso. Este estudio pretend\'{i}a comprobar si la “Escala revisada de ansiedad y depresi\'{o}n infantil” (RCADS) manten\'{i}a sus propiedades psicom\'{e}tricas originales cuando era aplicado mediante una red social. Una muestra de 703 adolescentes (M= 13,86 a\~{n}os; DT= 0,49) completaron la escala en formato tradicional o en una red social. Se evaluaron dos tipos de equivalencia entre formatos: equivalencia cuantitativa (distribuci\'{o}n de las puntuaciones entre formatos) y cualitativa o conceptual (patrones de intercorrelaciones e invarianza de medida entre formatos). No se encontraron diferencias de las escalas en el formato tradicional y en una red social. Adem\'{a}s, el patr\'{o}n de intercorrelaciones entre factores fue similar y se observ\'{o} invarianza de medida entre formatos. En conclusi\'{o}n, la versi\'{o}n en red social de la RCADS mostr\'{o} propiedades psicom\'{e}tricas equivalentes a la tradicional, destac\'{a}ndose la aplicabilidad en estas plataformas.}, keywords = {}, pubstate = {published}, tppubtype = {article} } El uso de las redes sociales por parte de adolescentes está bastante extendido actualmente. Esto posibilita el desarrollo de programas de evaluación y promoción de la salud mediante dichas vías, si se conservan garantías psicométricas en su uso. Este estudio pretendía comprobar si la “Escala revisada de ansiedad y depresión infantil” (RCADS) mantenía sus propiedades psicométricas originales cuando era aplicado mediante una red social. Una muestra de 703 adolescentes (M= 13,86 años; DT= 0,49) completaron la escala en formato tradicional o en una red social. Se evaluaron dos tipos de equivalencia entre formatos: equivalencia cuantitativa (distribución de las puntuaciones entre formatos) y cualitativa o conceptual (patrones de intercorrelaciones e invarianza de medida entre formatos). No se encontraron diferencias de las escalas en el formato tradicional y en una red social. Además, el patrón de intercorrelaciones entre factores fue similar y se observó invarianza de medida entre formatos. En conclusión, la versión en red social de la RCADS mostró propiedades psicométricas equivalentes a la tradicional, destacándose la aplicabilidad en estas plataformas. |
Cabello, M; de la Fuente, J; Ayuso Mateos, JL ; Pitkänen, T Longitudinal properties of the PARADISE24fin questionnaire in treatment of substance use disorders Artículo de revista Addictive behaviors, 95 , pp. 125-128, 2019. Resumen | Enlaces | BibTeX | Etiquetas: @article{Cabello2019c, title = {Longitudinal properties of the PARADISE24fin questionnaire in treatment of substance use disorders}, author = {Cabello, M and de la Fuente, J and Ayuso Mateos, JL and Pitk\"{a}nen, T}, editor = {Pergamon }, url = {https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0306460318312255}, doi = {10.1016/j.addbeh.2019.03.009}, year = {2019}, date = {2019-08-01}, journal = {Addictive behaviors}, volume = {95}, pages = {125-128}, abstract = {Aim Improvement of overall functioning is an important goal in the treatment of substance use disorders, and thus tools for monitoring change are needed. The current study aimed to evaluate the longitudinal metric invariance and sensitivity to change for the PARADISE24fin questionnaire. Methods A total of 1153 patients with substance use disorders completed the PARADISE24fin in two measurement occasions along their treatment. Patients were categorized into three groups according to their treatment status at the second occasion (end of the treatment, on-treatment follow-up, and re-start treatment). The latent structure of the PARADISE24fin questionnaire was analyzed in the two measurement occasions with confirmatory factor analyses. Evidence of the PARADISE24fin sensitivity to change was studied comparing mean change scores for the three treatment status groups. Results The PARADISE24fin showed a strong longitudinal metric invariance across the two occasions in the three treatment status groups. The PARADISE24fin scores decreased during treatment, especially among the group of patients that had completed their treatment. Conclusions The PARADISE24fin is a reliable questionnaire to measure changes in psychosocial difficulties in substance use disorders overtime.}, keywords = {}, pubstate = {published}, tppubtype = {article} } Aim Improvement of overall functioning is an important goal in the treatment of substance use disorders, and thus tools for monitoring change are needed. The current study aimed to evaluate the longitudinal metric invariance and sensitivity to change for the PARADISE24fin questionnaire. Methods A total of 1153 patients with substance use disorders completed the PARADISE24fin in two measurement occasions along their treatment. Patients were categorized into three groups according to their treatment status at the second occasion (end of the treatment, on-treatment follow-up, and re-start treatment). The latent structure of the PARADISE24fin questionnaire was analyzed in the two measurement occasions with confirmatory factor analyses. Evidence of the PARADISE24fin sensitivity to change was studied comparing mean change scores for the three treatment status groups. Results The PARADISE24fin showed a strong longitudinal metric invariance across the two occasions in the three treatment status groups. The PARADISE24fin scores decreased during treatment, especially among the group of patients that had completed their treatment. Conclusions The PARADISE24fin is a reliable questionnaire to measure changes in psychosocial difficulties in substance use disorders overtime. |
Essau C. A andde la Torre-Luque, A Comorbidity profile of mental disorders among adolescents: A latent class analysis Artículo de revista Psychiatry Res, (278), pp. 228-234, 2019. Resumen | Enlaces | BibTeX | Etiquetas: @article{Essau2019, title = {Comorbidity profile of mental disorders among adolescents: A latent class analysis}, author = {Essau, C. A andde la Torre-Luque, A}, url = {https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/31226549}, doi = {10.1016/j.psychres.2019.06.007}, year = {2019}, date = {2019-08-01}, journal = {Psychiatry Res}, number = {278}, pages = {228-234}, abstract = {The aim of this study was to identify the number of comorbidity profiles among adolescents. Sociodemographic factors associated with the comorbidity profiles were also examined. Latent class analysis was conducted using data from the National Comorbidity Survey Adolescent Supplement (NCS-A), a representative sample of adolescents (N = 10,123) in the United States. Latent classes were derived from 26 lifetime mental disorders which were assessed using the World Health Organization Composite International Diagnostic Instrument (CIDI). A three-class solution provided the best fit for the data, with classes labelled as comorbid emotional disorders (Class I), comorbid behavioural disorders (Class II), and normative (Class III). Class I (15.62% of the participants) included adolescents with a high probability of having anxiety, depressive, and intermittent explosive disorder. Class II (6.97%) was characterised by adolescents with a high probability of having substance use, behavioural disorders, and major depression. Class III (77.41%) was characterised by adolescents with a low probability of having any mental disorders. Characterising comorbid profile of mental disorders using person-based approach yields a higher-order classification that could have important clinical implications.}, keywords = {}, pubstate = {published}, tppubtype = {article} } The aim of this study was to identify the number of comorbidity profiles among adolescents. Sociodemographic factors associated with the comorbidity profiles were also examined. Latent class analysis was conducted using data from the National Comorbidity Survey Adolescent Supplement (NCS-A), a representative sample of adolescents (N = 10,123) in the United States. Latent classes were derived from 26 lifetime mental disorders which were assessed using the World Health Organization Composite International Diagnostic Instrument (CIDI). A three-class solution provided the best fit for the data, with classes labelled as comorbid emotional disorders (Class I), comorbid behavioural disorders (Class II), and normative (Class III). Class I (15.62% of the participants) included adolescents with a high probability of having anxiety, depressive, and intermittent explosive disorder. Class II (6.97%) was characterised by adolescents with a high probability of having substance use, behavioural disorders, and major depression. Class III (77.41%) was characterised by adolescents with a low probability of having any mental disorders. Characterising comorbid profile of mental disorders using person-based approach yields a higher-order classification that could have important clinical implications. |
Daskalopoulou, C; Koukounari, A; Wu, Y T; Terrera, G M; Caballero, F F; de la Fuente, J; Demosthenes, B; Prince, M; Prina, M Healthy ageing trajectories and lifestyle behaviour: the Mexican Health and Aging Study Artículo de revista Scientific Reports , 9 , 2019. Resumen | Enlaces | BibTeX | Etiquetas: @article{Daskalopoulou2019, title = {Healthy ageing trajectories and lifestyle behaviour: the Mexican Health and Aging Study}, author = {Daskalopoulou, C and Koukounari, A and Wu, Y. T and Terrera, G. M and Caballero, F. F and de la Fuente, J and Demosthenes, B and Prince, M and Prina, M. }, url = {https://www.nature.com/articles/s41598-019-47238-w}, doi = {10.1038/s41598-019-47238-w}, year = {2019}, date = {2019-07-30}, journal = {Scientific Reports }, volume = {9}, abstract = {Projections show that the number of people above 60 years old will triple by 2050 in Mexico. Nevertheless, ageing is characterised by great variability in the health status. In this study, we aimed to identify trajectories of health and their associations with lifestyle factors in a national representative cohort study of older Mexicans. We used secondary data of 14,143 adults from the Mexican Health and Aging Study (MHAS). A metric of health, based on the conceptual framework of functional ability, was mapped onto four waves (2001, 2003, 2012, 2015) and created by applying Bayesian multilevel Item Response Theory (IRT). Conditional Growth Mixture Modelling (GMM) was used to identify latent classes of individuals with similar trajectories and examine the impact of physical activity, smoking and alcohol on those. Conditional on sociodemographic and lifestyle behaviour four latent classes were suggested: high-stable, moderate-stable, low-stable and decliners. Participants who did not engage in physical activity, were current or previous smokers and did not consume alcohol at baseline were more likely to be in the trajectory with the highest deterioration (i.e. decliners). This study confirms ageing heterogeneity and the positive influence of a healthy lifestyle. These results provide the ground for new policies.}, keywords = {}, pubstate = {published}, tppubtype = {article} } Projections show that the number of people above 60 years old will triple by 2050 in Mexico. Nevertheless, ageing is characterised by great variability in the health status. In this study, we aimed to identify trajectories of health and their associations with lifestyle factors in a national representative cohort study of older Mexicans. We used secondary data of 14,143 adults from the Mexican Health and Aging Study (MHAS). A metric of health, based on the conceptual framework of functional ability, was mapped onto four waves (2001, 2003, 2012, 2015) and created by applying Bayesian multilevel Item Response Theory (IRT). Conditional Growth Mixture Modelling (GMM) was used to identify latent classes of individuals with similar trajectories and examine the impact of physical activity, smoking and alcohol on those. Conditional on sociodemographic and lifestyle behaviour four latent classes were suggested: high-stable, moderate-stable, low-stable and decliners. Participants who did not engage in physical activity, were current or previous smokers and did not consume alcohol at baseline were more likely to be in the trajectory with the highest deterioration (i.e. decliners). This study confirms ageing heterogeneity and the positive influence of a healthy lifestyle. These results provide the ground for new policies. |
Lara, E; Caballero, FF ; Rico-Uribe, L; Olaya, B; Haro, JM ; Ayuso-Mateos, JL ; Miret, M Are loneliness and social isolation associated with cognitive decline? Artículo de revista Int J Geriatr Psychiatry, 2019. Resumen | Enlaces | BibTeX | Etiquetas: @article{Lara2019bb, title = {Are loneliness and social isolation associated with cognitive decline?}, author = { Lara, E and Caballero, FF and Rico-Uribe, L and Olaya, B and Haro, JM and Ayuso-Mateos, JL and Miret, M.}, doi = {10.1002/gps.5174}, year = {2019}, date = {2019-07-14}, journal = {Int J Geriatr Psychiatry}, abstract = {Objective This study aimed to examine the association of loneliness and social isolation on cognition over a three‐year follow‐up period in middle‐ and older‐aged adults. Methods Data from a Spanish nationally representative sample were analysed (n=1691; aged 50+ years). Loneliness, social isolation and cognition (immediate recall, delayed recall, verbal fluency, forward digit span, backward digit span and a composite cognitive score) was assessed both at baseline and at follow‐up. Adjusted generalised estimating equations models were performed. Results Loneliness was significantly associated with lower scores in the composite cognitive score, immediate and delayed recall, verbal fluency and backward digit span (B=‐0.14 to B=‐3.16; p<0.05) and with a more rapid decline from baseline to follow‐up in two out of six cognitive tests. Social isolation was associated with lower scores in composite cognitive score, verbal fluency and forward digit span (B=‐0.06 to B=‐0.85; p<0.05). The effect of loneliness and social isolation on cognition remained significant after the exclusion of individuals with depression. Conclusions Both loneliness and social isolation are associated with decreased cognitive function over a 3‐year follow‐up period. The development of interventions that include the enhancement of social participation and the maintenance of emotionally supportive relationships might contribute to cognitive decline prevention and risk reduction.}, keywords = {}, pubstate = {published}, tppubtype = {article} } Objective This study aimed to examine the association of loneliness and social isolation on cognition over a three‐year follow‐up period in middle‐ and older‐aged adults. Methods Data from a Spanish nationally representative sample were analysed (n=1691; aged 50+ years). Loneliness, social isolation and cognition (immediate recall, delayed recall, verbal fluency, forward digit span, backward digit span and a composite cognitive score) was assessed both at baseline and at follow‐up. Adjusted generalised estimating equations models were performed. Results Loneliness was significantly associated with lower scores in the composite cognitive score, immediate and delayed recall, verbal fluency and backward digit span (B=‐0.14 to B=‐3.16; p<0.05) and with a more rapid decline from baseline to follow‐up in two out of six cognitive tests. Social isolation was associated with lower scores in composite cognitive score, verbal fluency and forward digit span (B=‐0.06 to B=‐0.85; p<0.05). The effect of loneliness and social isolation on cognition remained significant after the exclusion of individuals with depression. Conclusions Both loneliness and social isolation are associated with decreased cognitive function over a 3‐year follow‐up period. The development of interventions that include the enhancement of social participation and the maintenance of emotionally supportive relationships might contribute to cognitive decline prevention and risk reduction. |
Fiol-Veny, A; Balle, M; De la Torre-Luque, A; Bornas, X Negative cognitive emotion regulation as a predictor of adolescent heart rate variability and entropy under social stress. Artículo de revista Anxiety Stress Coping, (9), pp. 11-13, 2019. Resumen | Enlaces | BibTeX | Etiquetas: @article{Fiol-Veny2019, title = {Negative cognitive emotion regulation as a predictor of adolescent heart rate variability and entropy under social stress.}, author = {Fiol-Veny, A and Balle, M and De la Torre-Luque, A and Bornas, X.}, doi = {10.1080/10615806.2019.1641199}, year = {2019}, date = {2019-07-01}, journal = {Anxiety Stress Coping}, number = {9}, pages = {11-13}, abstract = {BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES: Negative cognitive emotion regulation (ER) strategies are particularly important within the framework of anxiety problems amongst youths and how they cope with stressful events. The aim of this study was to examine the associations between both negative and positive ER style and cardiac regulation under stressful conditions. DESIGN: Eighty-nine adolescents (M = 13.31 years, SD = 0.68, 44.94% girls) were exposed to a socially relevant stress induction protocol. METHODS: Participants' emotion regulation strategies were assessed and their cardiac function was recorded. RESULTS: A negative ER style predicted heart rate (HR) entropy at the stressful stage after controlling for anxiety scores. In addition, heart rate variability reactivity and recovery and HR entropy recovery were larger (p < .05) in the low negative ER style group (n = 16) than in the high negative ER style group (n = 23). CONCLUSIONS: Results suggest that individuals with a highly negative ER style have diminished autonomic flexibility.}, keywords = {}, pubstate = {published}, tppubtype = {article} } BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES: Negative cognitive emotion regulation (ER) strategies are particularly important within the framework of anxiety problems amongst youths and how they cope with stressful events. The aim of this study was to examine the associations between both negative and positive ER style and cardiac regulation under stressful conditions. DESIGN: Eighty-nine adolescents (M = 13.31 years, SD = 0.68, 44.94% girls) were exposed to a socially relevant stress induction protocol. METHODS: Participants' emotion regulation strategies were assessed and their cardiac function was recorded. RESULTS: A negative ER style predicted heart rate (HR) entropy at the stressful stage after controlling for anxiety scores. In addition, heart rate variability reactivity and recovery and HR entropy recovery were larger (p < .05) in the low negative ER style group (n = 16) than in the high negative ER style group (n = 23). CONCLUSIONS: Results suggest that individuals with a highly negative ER style have diminished autonomic flexibility. |
Moreno-Agostino, D; A. Stone, A; Schneider, S; Koskinen, S; Leonardi, M; Naidoo, N; Tobiasz-Adamczyk, B; Haro, J M; Miret, M; Kowal, P; S, Chatterji; J.L, Ayuso-Mateos Are Retired People Higher in Experiential Wellbeing than Working Older Adults? A Time Use Approach Artículo de revista Emotion, 2019. Resumen | Enlaces | BibTeX | Etiquetas: @article{Moreno-Agostino2019b, title = {Are Retired People Higher in Experiential Wellbeing than Working Older Adults? A Time Use Approach}, author = {Moreno-Agostino, D and A. Stone, A and Schneider, S and Koskinen, S and Leonardi, M and Naidoo, N and Tobiasz-Adamczyk, B and Haro, J.M and Miret, M and Kowal, P and Chatterji S and Ayuso-Mateos J.L}, url = {https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/31259585}, doi = {10.1037/emo0000637}, year = {2019}, date = {2019-07-01}, journal = {Emotion}, abstract = {Abstract. Little is known about how retirement and the time use redistribution that comes with it relate to experiential wellbeing, especially in low- and middle-income countries (LAMICs). This study aims to determine whether there are differences in experiential wellbeing between retired and working older adults; whether time use accounts for a portion of these differences; and whether these potential relationships differ across LAMICs and high-income countries. We used data from two multi-country studies conducted in countries at different levels of economic development: SAGE (China, Ghana, India, Mexico, and South Africa) and COURAGE in Europe (Finland, Poland, and Spain), focusing on participants aged 50+ (N=21,000). Retirement was significantly associated with higher experiential wellbeing in both surveys, and time use accounted for more than 40% of the total effect. Retirees were higher in experiential wellbeing than working older adults, and differences in how individuals spend their day accounted for part of this relationship.}, keywords = {}, pubstate = {published}, tppubtype = {article} } Abstract. Little is known about how retirement and the time use redistribution that comes with it relate to experiential wellbeing, especially in low- and middle-income countries (LAMICs). This study aims to determine whether there are differences in experiential wellbeing between retired and working older adults; whether time use accounts for a portion of these differences; and whether these potential relationships differ across LAMICs and high-income countries. We used data from two multi-country studies conducted in countries at different levels of economic development: SAGE (China, Ghana, India, Mexico, and South Africa) and COURAGE in Europe (Finland, Poland, and Spain), focusing on participants aged 50+ (N=21,000). Retirement was significantly associated with higher experiential wellbeing in both surveys, and time use accounted for more than 40% of the total effect. Retirees were higher in experiential wellbeing than working older adults, and differences in how individuals spend their day accounted for part of this relationship. |
de la Fuente, J; F.F, Caballero; Verdes, E; Rodriguez-Artajelo, F; Cabello, M; de la Torre-Luque, A; Sánchez-Niubo, A; Haró, J; J.L, Ayuso-Mateos Are younger cohorts in the US and England aging better? Artículo de revista International Journal of Epidemiology, 2019. Resumen | Enlaces | BibTeX | Etiquetas: @article{delaFuente2019c, title = {Are younger cohorts in the US and England aging better?}, author = {de la Fuente, J and Caballero F.F and Verdes, E and Rodriguez-Artajelo, F and Cabello, M and de la Torre-Luque, A and S\'{a}nchez-Niubo, A and Har\'{o}, J and Ayuso-Mateos J.L }, url = {https://academic.oup.com/ije/advance-article-abstract/doi/10.1093/ije/dyz126/5522969?redirectedFrom=fulltext}, doi = {https://doi.org/10.1093/ije/dyz126}, year = {2019}, date = {2019-06-25}, journal = {International Journal of Epidemiology}, abstract = {Background: Whether worldwide increases in life expectancy are accompanied by a better health status is still a debate. People age differently, and there is a need to disentangle whether healthy aging pathways can be shaped by cohort effects. This study aims to analyze trends in health status in two large nationally representative samples of older adults from England and the US. Methods: The sample comprised 55,684 participants from the first seven waves of the English Longitudinal Study of Ageing (ELSA), and the first eleven waves of the Health and Retirement Study (HRS). A common latent health score based on Bayesian multilevel item response theory was used. Two Bayesian mixed-effects multilevel models were used to assess cohort effects on health in ELSA and HRS separately, controlling for the effect of household wealth and educational attainment. Results: Similar aging trends were found in ELSA (β=-0.311; p<0.001) and HRS (β=-0.393; p<0.001). The level of education moderated the life-course effect on health in both ELSA (β=-0.082; p<0.05) and HRS (β=-0.084; p<0.05). A birth year effect was found for those belonging to the highest quintiles of household wealth in both ELSA (β=0.125; p<0.001) and HRS (β=0.170; p<0.001). Conclusions: Health inequalities have increased in recent cohorts, with the wealthiest participants presenting a better health status in both the US and English populations. Actions to promote health in the aging population should consider the increasing inequality scenario, not only by applying highly effective interventions, but also by making them accessible to all members of society. Keywords: health, functioning, cohort effect, cross-cultural comparison.}, keywords = {}, pubstate = {published}, tppubtype = {article} } Background: Whether worldwide increases in life expectancy are accompanied by a better health status is still a debate. People age differently, and there is a need to disentangle whether healthy aging pathways can be shaped by cohort effects. This study aims to analyze trends in health status in two large nationally representative samples of older adults from England and the US. Methods: The sample comprised 55,684 participants from the first seven waves of the English Longitudinal Study of Ageing (ELSA), and the first eleven waves of the Health and Retirement Study (HRS). A common latent health score based on Bayesian multilevel item response theory was used. Two Bayesian mixed-effects multilevel models were used to assess cohort effects on health in ELSA and HRS separately, controlling for the effect of household wealth and educational attainment. Results: Similar aging trends were found in ELSA (β=-0.311; p<0.001) and HRS (β=-0.393; p<0.001). The level of education moderated the life-course effect on health in both ELSA (β=-0.082; p<0.05) and HRS (β=-0.084; p<0.05). A birth year effect was found for those belonging to the highest quintiles of household wealth in both ELSA (β=0.125; p<0.001) and HRS (β=0.170; p<0.001). Conclusions: Health inequalities have increased in recent cohorts, with the wealthiest participants presenting a better health status in both the US and English populations. Actions to promote health in the aging population should consider the increasing inequality scenario, not only by applying highly effective interventions, but also by making them accessible to all members of society. Keywords: health, functioning, cohort effect, cross-cultural comparison. |
Robles García, R; Ayuso-Mateos, J L ICD-11 and the depathologisation of the transgender condition Artículo de revista Revista de Psiquiatría y Salud Mental, 12 (2), pp. 65-67, 2019. Resumen | Enlaces | BibTeX | Etiquetas: @article{Garc\'{i}a2019, title = {ICD-11 and the depathologisation of the transgender condition }, author = {Robles Garc\'{i}a, R and Ayuso-Mateos, J.L}, doi = {10.1016/j.rpsmen.2019.01.002}, year = {2019}, date = {2019-06-01}, journal = {Revista de Psiquiatr\'{i}a y Salud Mental}, volume = {12}, number = {2}, pages = {65-67}, abstract = {The World Health Organisation (WHO), as a specialised United Nations organisation, has the mission to achieve maximum levels of health for all individuals \textendash understanding health to be complete wellbeing, physical, social and mental. The objectives set out in the WHO's International Statistical Classification of Diseases and Related Health Problems, currently in its tenth edition (ICD-10), include controlling epidemics and threats to public health, identifying populations at risk for specific problems, defining obligations of its member states in relation to the provision of healthcare, facilitating access to appropriate healthcare services, guiding routine clinical practice and assisting research into effective treatments. Consequently, the classifications need to be revised from time to time to bring them up to date in the light of scientific evidence, world-wide health conditions and available attention-giving services.}, keywords = {}, pubstate = {published}, tppubtype = {article} } The World Health Organisation (WHO), as a specialised United Nations organisation, has the mission to achieve maximum levels of health for all individuals – understanding health to be complete wellbeing, physical, social and mental. The objectives set out in the WHO's International Statistical Classification of Diseases and Related Health Problems, currently in its tenth edition (ICD-10), include controlling epidemics and threats to public health, identifying populations at risk for specific problems, defining obligations of its member states in relation to the provision of healthcare, facilitating access to appropriate healthcare services, guiding routine clinical practice and assisting research into effective treatments. Consequently, the classifications need to be revised from time to time to bring them up to date in the light of scientific evidence, world-wide health conditions and available attention-giving services. |
Martín-María, N; Caballero, F F; Miret, M; Stefanos, T; Haro, J M; Ayuso-Mateos J. L., ; Chatterji, S Differential Impact of Transient and Chronic Loneliness on Health Status. A Longitudinal Study. Artículo de revista Psychology and Health., 25 , pp. 1-19, 2019. Resumen | Enlaces | BibTeX | Etiquetas: @article{Mart\'{i}n-Mar\'{i}a2019bb, title = {Differential Impact of Transient and Chronic Loneliness on Health Status. A Longitudinal Study. }, author = {Mart\'{i}n-Mar\'{i}a, N and Caballero, F.F and Miret, M. and Stefanos, T. and Haro, J. M. and Ayuso-Mateos, J. L., and Chatterji, S. }, doi = {10.1080/08870446.2019.1632312}, year = {2019}, date = {2019-06-01}, journal = {Psychology and Health.}, volume = {25}, pages = {1-19}, abstract = {Objective: Loneliness is associated with worse health status outcomes. Yet, the present study is one of the first to identify how patterns of loneliness (transient and chronic), are associated with health over time. Design: A total of 2,390 individuals were interviewed in 2011-12 and 2014-15 in a follow-up study conducted over a nationally representative sample of Spain. After confirming a longitudinal relationship between loneliness and health status, a Growth curve Mixture Modeling (GMM) was used to examine health trajectories. Main outcome measures: The three-item UCLA Loneliness Scale was used to assess loneliness. Health status was measured with self-reported questions regarding ten domains (vision, mobility, and self-care, among others), and seven measured tests (including grip strength, walking speed and immediate and delayed verbal recall). Results: A quarter of participants were lonely at baseline. Both the group of transient and chronic loneliness showed a negative significant relationship with health status at follow-up, (β = -0.063 and β = -0.075 respectively, p < 0.001). Nevertheless, the health status did not change across time in any group. Conclusion: People experiencing chronic loneliness had the worst health status. Different patterns of loneliness could benefit from the appropriate interventions. Keywords: Transient loneliness, chronic loneliness, health status, lo}, keywords = {}, pubstate = {published}, tppubtype = {article} } Objective: Loneliness is associated with worse health status outcomes. Yet, the present study is one of the first to identify how patterns of loneliness (transient and chronic), are associated with health over time. Design: A total of 2,390 individuals were interviewed in 2011-12 and 2014-15 in a follow-up study conducted over a nationally representative sample of Spain. After confirming a longitudinal relationship between loneliness and health status, a Growth curve Mixture Modeling (GMM) was used to examine health trajectories. Main outcome measures: The three-item UCLA Loneliness Scale was used to assess loneliness. Health status was measured with self-reported questions regarding ten domains (vision, mobility, and self-care, among others), and seven measured tests (including grip strength, walking speed and immediate and delayed verbal recall). Results: A quarter of participants were lonely at baseline. Both the group of transient and chronic loneliness showed a negative significant relationship with health status at follow-up, (β = -0.063 and β = -0.075 respectively, p < 0.001). Nevertheless, the health status did not change across time in any group. Conclusion: People experiencing chronic loneliness had the worst health status. Different patterns of loneliness could benefit from the appropriate interventions. Keywords: Transient loneliness, chronic loneliness, health status, lo |
de la Fuente, J; Moreno-Agostino, D; de la Torre-Luque, A; Prina, A M; Haro, J M; Caballero, F F; Ayuso-Mateos, J L Development of a Combined Sensory-Cognitive Measure Based on the Common Cause Hypothesis: Heterogeneous Trajectories and Associated Risk Factors Artículo de revista The Gerontologist, 2019. Resumen | Enlaces | BibTeX | Etiquetas: @article{delaFuente2019b, title = {Development of a Combined Sensory-Cognitive Measure Based on the Common Cause Hypothesis: Heterogeneous Trajectories and Associated Risk Factors}, author = {de la Fuente, J and Moreno-Agostino, D and de la Torre-Luque, A and Prina, A.M and Haro, J.M and Caballero, F.F and Ayuso-Mateos, J.L.}, url = {https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/?term=Development+of+a+Combined+Sensory-Cognitive+Measure+Based+on+the+Common+Cause+Hypothesis%3A+Heterogeneous+Trajectories+and+Associated+Risk+Factors https://doi.org/10.1093/geront/gnz066}, doi = {10.1093/geront/gnz066}, year = {2019}, date = {2019-05-22}, journal = {The Gerontologist}, abstract = {BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES: There is a link between sensory and cognitive functioning across old age. However, there are no integrative measures for assessing common determinants of sensory-cognitive functioning. This study aims to develop a combined measure of sensory-cognitive functioning, and to identify heterogeneous trajectories and associated risk factors. RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODS: Two thousand two hundred and fifty-five individuals aged 60 years and over selected from the first six waves (2002-2012) of the English Longitudinal Study of Ageing completed a set of five self-reported visual and hearing functioning items and four cognitive items. Several health-related outcomes were also collected. RESULTS: The common cause model presented longitudinal factorial invariance (Tucker-Lewis index [TLI] = 0.989; Comparative Fit Index [CFI] = 0.991; Root Mean Square Error of Approximation [RMSEA] = 0.026). A common factor explained 32%, 36%, and 26% of the visual, hearing, and cognitive difficulties, respectively. The developed sensory-cognitive measure predicted incident dementia over 10 years (area under the curve = .80; 95% confidence interval [CI] = .75, .86). A three-trajectory model was proved to fit better, according to growth mixture modeling. Low levels of education and household wealth, disability, diabetes, high blood pressure, depressive symptoms, and low levels of physical activity were risk factors associated with the classes showing trajectories with a steeper increase of sensory-cognitive difficulties. DISCUSSION AND IMPLICATIONS: A time-invariant factor explains both sensory and cognitive functioning over 8 years. The sensory-cognitive measure derived from this factor showed a good performance for predicting dementia 10 years later. Several easily identifiable socioeconomic and health-related risk factors could be used as early markers of subsequent sensory-cognitive decline. Therefore, the proposed latent measure could be useful as a cost-effective indicator of sensory-cognitive functioning. KEYWORDS: Sensory functioning; Cognitive functioning; Latent classes; Structural equation modeling}, keywords = {}, pubstate = {published}, tppubtype = {article} } BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES: There is a link between sensory and cognitive functioning across old age. However, there are no integrative measures for assessing common determinants of sensory-cognitive functioning. This study aims to develop a combined measure of sensory-cognitive functioning, and to identify heterogeneous trajectories and associated risk factors. RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODS: Two thousand two hundred and fifty-five individuals aged 60 years and over selected from the first six waves (2002-2012) of the English Longitudinal Study of Ageing completed a set of five self-reported visual and hearing functioning items and four cognitive items. Several health-related outcomes were also collected. RESULTS: The common cause model presented longitudinal factorial invariance (Tucker-Lewis index [TLI] = 0.989; Comparative Fit Index [CFI] = 0.991; Root Mean Square Error of Approximation [RMSEA] = 0.026). A common factor explained 32%, 36%, and 26% of the visual, hearing, and cognitive difficulties, respectively. The developed sensory-cognitive measure predicted incident dementia over 10 years (area under the curve = .80; 95% confidence interval [CI] = .75, .86). A three-trajectory model was proved to fit better, according to growth mixture modeling. Low levels of education and household wealth, disability, diabetes, high blood pressure, depressive symptoms, and low levels of physical activity were risk factors associated with the classes showing trajectories with a steeper increase of sensory-cognitive difficulties. DISCUSSION AND IMPLICATIONS: A time-invariant factor explains both sensory and cognitive functioning over 8 years. The sensory-cognitive measure derived from this factor showed a good performance for predicting dementia 10 years later. Several easily identifiable socioeconomic and health-related risk factors could be used as early markers of subsequent sensory-cognitive decline. Therefore, the proposed latent measure could be useful as a cost-effective indicator of sensory-cognitive functioning. KEYWORDS: Sensory functioning; Cognitive functioning; Latent classes; Structural equation modeling |
Olaya, B; Moneta, M V; Miret, M; Ayuso-Mateos, J L; Haro, J M Course of depression and cognitive decline at 3-year follow-up: The role of age of onset Artículo de revista Psychology and Aging, 2019. Resumen | Enlaces | BibTeX | Etiquetas: @article{Olaya2019, title = {Course of depression and cognitive decline at 3-year follow-up: The role of age of onset}, author = {Olaya, B and Moneta, M.V and Miret, M and Ayuso-Mateos, J.L and Haro, J.M }, url = {https://europepmc.org/abstract/med/31081662}, doi = {10.1037/pag0000354}, year = {2019}, date = {2019-05-13}, journal = {Psychology and Aging}, abstract = {We determined whether the course of depression was associated with accelerated decline or deficits in verbal episodic memory and verbal fluency in depressed older adults compared with controls, and whether this was modified by age of onset. There were 1,027 Spanish community-dwelling adults aged 60+ who participated at baseline and at 3-year follow-up. Word-list recall and animal naming tasks were performed at the two time points. Participants were classified according to the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders-Fourth Edition-Text Revised (DSM-IV-TR) criteria for 12-month depression at baseline and follow-up: controls, lifetime, remittent, incident, and persistent depression. Adjusted mixed regression models were fitted and interactions time*depression groups explored. Compared with controls, remittent, incident, and persistent depression were significantly related to worse verbal fluency, and remittent and incident depression to worse verbal episodic memory. In the subsample of subjects with depression, interactions were not significant, and age of onset was not related to either accelerated decline or cognitive deficits. Findings suggest that a history of depression per se might not be associated with cognitive deficits. Older people with late life depression are at higher risk for persistent cognitive deficits, even after the affective episode has remitted, and cognitive deficits might be detectable long before the episode appears. Overall, these findings would support the idea that depression during lifetime would not be a risk factor for cognitive impairment whereas late life depression could represent a prodrome for future dementia. Monitoring the neuropsychological functioning of older people with remittent, incident, and persistent depression is indicated, regardless of the age of onset.}, keywords = {}, pubstate = {published}, tppubtype = {article} } We determined whether the course of depression was associated with accelerated decline or deficits in verbal episodic memory and verbal fluency in depressed older adults compared with controls, and whether this was modified by age of onset. There were 1,027 Spanish community-dwelling adults aged 60+ who participated at baseline and at 3-year follow-up. Word-list recall and animal naming tasks were performed at the two time points. Participants were classified according to the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders-Fourth Edition-Text Revised (DSM-IV-TR) criteria for 12-month depression at baseline and follow-up: controls, lifetime, remittent, incident, and persistent depression. Adjusted mixed regression models were fitted and interactions time*depression groups explored. Compared with controls, remittent, incident, and persistent depression were significantly related to worse verbal fluency, and remittent and incident depression to worse verbal episodic memory. In the subsample of subjects with depression, interactions were not significant, and age of onset was not related to either accelerated decline or cognitive deficits. Findings suggest that a history of depression per se might not be associated with cognitive deficits. Older people with late life depression are at higher risk for persistent cognitive deficits, even after the affective episode has remitted, and cognitive deficits might be detectable long before the episode appears. Overall, these findings would support the idea that depression during lifetime would not be a risk factor for cognitive impairment whereas late life depression could represent a prodrome for future dementia. Monitoring the neuropsychological functioning of older people with remittent, incident, and persistent depression is indicated, regardless of the age of onset. |
Sanchez-Niubo, A; Egea-Cortés, L; Olaya, B; Caballero, F F; Ayuso-Mateos, J L; Prina, M; Bobak, M; Arndt, H; Tobiasz-Adamczyk, B; Pająk, A; Leonardi, M; Koupil, I; Panagiotakos, D; Tamosiunas, A; Scherbov, S; Sanderson, W; Koskinen, S; Chatterji, S; J.M, Haro Cohort profile: The Ageing Trajectories of Health–Longitudinal Opportunities and Synergies (ATHLOS) project Artículo de revista International Journal of Epidemiology, 2019. @article{Sanchez-Niubo2019, title = {Cohort profile: The Ageing Trajectories of Health\textendashLongitudinal Opportunities and Synergies (ATHLOS) project}, author = {Sanchez-Niubo, A and Egea-Cort\'{e}s, L and Olaya, B and Caballero, F.F and Ayuso-Mateos, J.L and Prina, M and Bobak,M and Arndt, H and Tobiasz-Adamczyk, B and Paj\k{a}k, A and Leonardi, M and Koupil, I and Panagiotakos, D and Tamosiunas, A and Scherbov, S and Sanderson, W and Koskinen, S and Chatterji, S and Haro J.M}, url = {https://academic.oup.com/ije/advance-article/doi/10.1093/ije/dyz077/5477844}, doi = {https://doi.org/10.1093/ije/dyz077}, year = {2019}, date = {2019-04-24}, journal = {International Journal of Epidemiology}, keywords = {}, pubstate = {published}, tppubtype = {article} } |
Cabello, M; Miret, M; Ayuso-Mateos, JL ; Caballero, FF ; Chatterji, S; Tobiasz-Adamczyk, B; Haro, JM ; Koskinen, S; Leonardi, M; Borges, G Cross-national prevalence and factors associated with suicide ideation and attempts in older and young-and-middle age people. Artículo de revista Aging Ment Health, (16), pp. 1-10, 2019. Resumen | Enlaces | BibTeX | Etiquetas: @article{Cabello2019b, title = {Cross-national prevalence and factors associated with suicide ideation and attempts in older and young-and-middle age people.}, author = {Cabello, M and Miret, M and Ayuso-Mateos, JL and Caballero, FF and Chatterji, S and Tobiasz-Adamczyk, B and Haro, JM and Koskinen, S and Leonardi, M and Borges, G.}, url = {https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/30990056}, doi = {10.1080/13607863.2019.1603284.}, year = {2019}, date = {2019-04-16}, journal = {Aging Ment Health}, number = {16}, pages = {1-10}, abstract = {OBJECTIVES: To report prevalence estimates of 12-month suicide ideation and attempts in young-and-middle age adults and older people, as well as their respective associated factors. METHODS: A total of 52,150 community-dwelling adults who completed the adapted version of the Composite International Diagnostic Interview-Depression Module were included from SAGE and COURAGE in Europe studies. The presence of 12-month suicide ideation and attempts was measured among the participants who screened positively in the Depression Module. Global and national prevalence estimates of 12-month suicide ideation and attempts were calculated according to the total sample. Logistic regression analyses were conducted to separately determine factors associated with suicidal ideation and with suicide attempts in young-and-middle age adults and older adults. RESULTS: Higher estimates of 12-month suicidal ideation were found for high-income countries and people aged 65 years and older. Higher negative affect, higher disability, and presence of food insecurity were associated with 12-month suicidal ideation and suicide attempts for young-and-middle-adults and older adults. Higher isolation, being female, and greater number of chronic health conditions were also related to 12-month suicidal ideation in both age groups. Younger age was associated with 12-month suicidal ideation for older people, and with suicide attempts in the young-and-middle age group. Finally, higher income was related to lower rates of 12-month suicidal ideation for the young-and-middle age group. CONCLUSIONS: Older people are at increased risk of suicidal ideation globally and of suicide attempts in some countries. There were common and different factors related to suicide in adults and older adults.}, keywords = {}, pubstate = {published}, tppubtype = {article} } OBJECTIVES: To report prevalence estimates of 12-month suicide ideation and attempts in young-and-middle age adults and older people, as well as their respective associated factors. METHODS: A total of 52,150 community-dwelling adults who completed the adapted version of the Composite International Diagnostic Interview-Depression Module were included from SAGE and COURAGE in Europe studies. The presence of 12-month suicide ideation and attempts was measured among the participants who screened positively in the Depression Module. Global and national prevalence estimates of 12-month suicide ideation and attempts were calculated according to the total sample. Logistic regression analyses were conducted to separately determine factors associated with suicidal ideation and with suicide attempts in young-and-middle age adults and older adults. RESULTS: Higher estimates of 12-month suicidal ideation were found for high-income countries and people aged 65 years and older. Higher negative affect, higher disability, and presence of food insecurity were associated with 12-month suicidal ideation and suicide attempts for young-and-middle-adults and older adults. Higher isolation, being female, and greater number of chronic health conditions were also related to 12-month suicidal ideation in both age groups. Younger age was associated with 12-month suicidal ideation for older people, and with suicide attempts in the young-and-middle age group. Finally, higher income was related to lower rates of 12-month suicidal ideation for the young-and-middle age group. CONCLUSIONS: Older people are at increased risk of suicidal ideation globally and of suicide attempts in some countries. There were common and different factors related to suicide in adults and older adults. |
Koyanagi, A; Veronese, N; Stubbs, B; Vancampfort, D; Stickley, A; Oh, H; Shin, II J; Jackson, S; Smith, L; Lara, E Food Insecurity Is Associated with Mild Cognitive Impairment among Middle-Aged and Older Adults in South Africa: Findings from a Nationally Representative Survey Artículo de revista Nutrients, 11 (4), pp. 749, 2019. Resumen | Enlaces | BibTeX | Etiquetas: @article{Koyanagi2019, title = {Food Insecurity Is Associated with Mild Cognitive Impairment among Middle-Aged and Older Adults in South Africa: Findings from a Nationally Representative Survey}, author = {Koyanagi, A and Veronese, N and Stubbs, B and Vancampfort, D and Stickley, A and Oh, H and Shin, J II and Jackson, S and Smith, L and Lara, E. }, url = {https://www.mdpi.com/2072-6643/11/4/749}, doi = {10.3390/nu11040749}, year = {2019}, date = {2019-03-30}, journal = {Nutrients}, volume = {11}, number = {4}, pages = {749}, abstract = {There are no studies on the association between food insecurity and mild cognitive impairment (MCI). Thus, cross-sectional, community-based data on individuals aged ≥50 years from the World Health Organization’s Study on Global AGEing and Adult Health (SAGE) conducted in South Africa (2007\textendash2008) were analyzed to assess this association. The definition of MCI was based on the National Institute on Ageing-Alzheimer’s Association criteria. Past 12-month food insecurity was assessed with two questions on frequency of eating less and hunger due to lack of food. Multivariable logistic regression analysis was conducted. The sample consisted of 3,672 individuals aged ≥50 years [mean (SD) age 61.4 (18.3); 56% females]. The prevalence of MCI was 8.5%, while 11.0% and 20.8% experienced moderate and severe food insecurity, respectively. After adjustment for potential confounders, moderate and severe food insecurity were associated with 2.82 (95%CI = 1.65\textendash4.84) and 2.51 (95%CI = 1.63\textendash3.87) times higher odds for MCI compared with no food insecurity, respectively. The OR for those aged ≥65 years with severe food insecurity was particularly high (OR = 3.87; 95%CI = 2.20\textendash6.81). In conclusion, food insecurity was strongly associated with MCI among South African older adults. Future longitudinal research is required to assess whether addressing food insecurity may reduce risk of MCI and subsequent dementia.}, keywords = {}, pubstate = {published}, tppubtype = {article} } There are no studies on the association between food insecurity and mild cognitive impairment (MCI). Thus, cross-sectional, community-based data on individuals aged ≥50 years from the World Health Organization’s Study on Global AGEing and Adult Health (SAGE) conducted in South Africa (2007–2008) were analyzed to assess this association. The definition of MCI was based on the National Institute on Ageing-Alzheimer’s Association criteria. Past 12-month food insecurity was assessed with two questions on frequency of eating less and hunger due to lack of food. Multivariable logistic regression analysis was conducted. The sample consisted of 3,672 individuals aged ≥50 years [mean (SD) age 61.4 (18.3); 56% females]. The prevalence of MCI was 8.5%, while 11.0% and 20.8% experienced moderate and severe food insecurity, respectively. After adjustment for potential confounders, moderate and severe food insecurity were associated with 2.82 (95%CI = 1.65–4.84) and 2.51 (95%CI = 1.63–3.87) times higher odds for MCI compared with no food insecurity, respectively. The OR for those aged ≥65 years with severe food insecurity was particularly high (OR = 3.87; 95%CI = 2.20–6.81). In conclusion, food insecurity was strongly associated with MCI among South African older adults. Future longitudinal research is required to assess whether addressing food insecurity may reduce risk of MCI and subsequent dementia. |
Lara, E; Martín-María, N; De La Torre-Luque, A; Koyanagi, A; Vancampfort, D; Izquierdo, A; Miret, M Does loneliness contribute to mild cognitive impairment and dementia? A systematic review and meta-analysis of longitudinal studies Artículo de revista Ageing Res Rev., 2019. Resumen | Enlaces | BibTeX | Etiquetas: @article{Lara2019bb, title = {Does loneliness contribute to mild cognitive impairment and dementia? A systematic review and meta-analysis of longitudinal studies}, author = {Lara, E and Mart\'{i}n-Mar\'{i}a,N and De La Torre-Luque,A and Koyanagi,A and Vancampfort, D and Izquierdo,A and Miret, M}, url = {https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/30914351}, doi = {10.1016/j.arr.2019.03.002}, year = {2019}, date = {2019-03-23}, journal = {Ageing Res Rev.}, abstract = {There is growing evidence that loneliness is associated with mild cognitive impairment (MCI) and dementia. However, the extent of this association remains unclear. A systematic review and meta-analysis of longitudinal studies examining this association was conducted. Six electronic databases were searched from inception to November 15th 2018. A random-effects meta-analysis was performed to obtain pooled estimates and 95% CIs. Studies were also assessed for heterogeneity, methodological quality and publication bias. A total of 4270 hits were retrieved based on the initial search strategy and ten studies met the eligibility criteria involving 37339 individuals (mean age from 64.9 to 83.1 years). Variation between studies was present for the measurement of loneliness as well as for the case ascertainment of MCI and dementia. Loneliness was positively associated with increased risk of dementia (overall RR = 1.26; 95% CI = 1.14, 1.40; n = 8). Due to lack of sufficient data, we could not explore the association between loneliness and risk of MCI through a meta-analysis, but limited evidence suggests a potential effect of loneliness on MCI. A further understanding of the deleterious effects of loneliness on MCI and dementia may assist the design of environmental and psychological interventions to prevent or delay the onset of these neuropsychiatric conditions.}, keywords = {}, pubstate = {published}, tppubtype = {article} } There is growing evidence that loneliness is associated with mild cognitive impairment (MCI) and dementia. However, the extent of this association remains unclear. A systematic review and meta-analysis of longitudinal studies examining this association was conducted. Six electronic databases were searched from inception to November 15th 2018. A random-effects meta-analysis was performed to obtain pooled estimates and 95% CIs. Studies were also assessed for heterogeneity, methodological quality and publication bias. A total of 4270 hits were retrieved based on the initial search strategy and ten studies met the eligibility criteria involving 37339 individuals (mean age from 64.9 to 83.1 years). Variation between studies was present for the measurement of loneliness as well as for the case ascertainment of MCI and dementia. Loneliness was positively associated with increased risk of dementia (overall RR = 1.26; 95% CI = 1.14, 1.40; n = 8). Due to lack of sufficient data, we could not explore the association between loneliness and risk of MCI through a meta-analysis, but limited evidence suggests a potential effect of loneliness on MCI. A further understanding of the deleterious effects of loneliness on MCI and dementia may assist the design of environmental and psychological interventions to prevent or delay the onset of these neuropsychiatric conditions. |
W, Engchuan; AC, Dimopoulos; S, Tyrovolas; FF, Caballero; A, Sanchez-Niubo; H, Arndt; JL, Ayuso-Mateos; JM, Haro; S, Chatterji; and, Panagiotakos DB Sociodemographic Indicators of Health Status Using a Machine Learning Approach and Data from the English Longitudinal Study of Aging (ELSA) Artículo de revista Med Sci Monit., 25 , pp. 1994-2001, 2019. Resumen | Enlaces | BibTeX | Etiquetas: @article{W2019, title = {Sociodemographic Indicators of Health Status Using a Machine Learning Approach and Data from the English Longitudinal Study of Aging (ELSA)}, author = {Engchuan W and Dimopoulos AC and Tyrovolas S and Caballero FF and Sanchez-Niubo A and Arndt H and Ayuso-Mateos JL and Haro JM and Chatterji S and Panagiotakos DB and}, editor = {International Scientific Information, Inc.}, url = {https://www.medscimonit.com/abstract/index/idArt/913283/act/3}, doi = {10.12659/MSM.913283.}, year = {2019}, date = {2019-03-17}, journal = {Med Sci Monit.}, volume = {25}, pages = {1994-2001}, abstract = {BACKGROUND Studies on the effects of sociodemographic factors on health in aging now include the use of statistical models and machine learning. The aim of this study was to evaluate the determinants of health in aging using machine learning methods and to compare the accuracy with traditional methods. MATERIAL AND METHODS The health status of 6,209 adults, age <65 years (n=1,585), 65-79 years (n=3,267), and >80 years (n=1,357) were measured using an established health metric (0-100) that incorporated physical function and activities of daily living (ADL). Data from the English Longitudinal Study of Ageing (ELSA) included socio-economic and sociodemographic characteristics and history of falls. Health-trend and personal-fitted variables were generated as predictors of health metrics using three machine learning methods, random forest (RF), deep learning (DL) and the linear model (LM), with calculation of the percentage increase in mean square error (%IncMSE) as a measure of the importance of a given predictive variable, when the variable was removed from the model. RESULTS Health-trend, physical activity, and personal-fitted variables were the main predictors of health, with the%incMSE of 85.76%, 63.40%, and 46.71%, respectively. Age, employment status, alcohol consumption, and household income had the%incMSE of 20.40%, 20.10%, 16.94%, and 13.61%, respectively. Performance of the RF method was similar to the traditional LM (p=0.7), but RF significantly outperformed DL (p=0.006). CONCLUSIONS Machine learning methods can be used to evaluate multidimensional longitudinal health data and may provide accurate results with fewer requirements when compared with traditional statistical modeling.}, keywords = {}, pubstate = {published}, tppubtype = {article} } BACKGROUND Studies on the effects of sociodemographic factors on health in aging now include the use of statistical models and machine learning. The aim of this study was to evaluate the determinants of health in aging using machine learning methods and to compare the accuracy with traditional methods. MATERIAL AND METHODS The health status of 6,209 adults, age <65 years (n=1,585), 65-79 years (n=3,267), and >80 years (n=1,357) were measured using an established health metric (0-100) that incorporated physical function and activities of daily living (ADL). Data from the English Longitudinal Study of Ageing (ELSA) included socio-economic and sociodemographic characteristics and history of falls. Health-trend and personal-fitted variables were generated as predictors of health metrics using three machine learning methods, random forest (RF), deep learning (DL) and the linear model (LM), with calculation of the percentage increase in mean square error (%IncMSE) as a measure of the importance of a given predictive variable, when the variable was removed from the model. RESULTS Health-trend, physical activity, and personal-fitted variables were the main predictors of health, with the%incMSE of 85.76%, 63.40%, and 46.71%, respectively. Age, employment status, alcohol consumption, and household income had the%incMSE of 20.40%, 20.10%, 16.94%, and 13.61%, respectively. Performance of the RF method was similar to the traditional LM (p=0.7), but RF significantly outperformed DL (p=0.006). CONCLUSIONS Machine learning methods can be used to evaluate multidimensional longitudinal health data and may provide accurate results with fewer requirements when compared with traditional statistical modeling. |
J.L, Ayuso-Mateos. Suicide prevention: towards an evidencebased policy Artículo de revista Epidemiology and Psychiatric Sciences, 2019. Resumen | Enlaces | BibTeX | Etiquetas: @article{J.L2019b, title = {Suicide prevention: towards an evidencebased policy}, author = {J.L, Ayuso-Mateos.}, url = {https://www.cambridge.org/core/journals/epidemiology-and-psychiatric-sciences/article/suicide-prevention-towards-an-evidencebased-policy/3847DF8E7A20EAFD5A6BF7505B609AEC}, doi = {/10.1017/S204579601900012X}, year = {2019}, date = {2019-03-15}, journal = {Epidemiology and Psychiatric Sciences}, abstract = {Suicide prevention and adequate management of those with suicidal behaviour should be one of the major drivers in designing clinical services and guiding mental health policy decisions at all levels. In order for these decisions and this guidance to be effective, they need to be based on relevant and robust evidence covering both the magnitude of the problem at the local level where the decisions aim to have an impact, and on the effect that potential interventions may have on suicide and suicidal behaviour at the clinical and the population level. This issue of Epidemiology and Psychiatric Sciences includes two valuable contributions to the theoretical framework that needs to be used for an evidence-based policy on this area...}, keywords = {}, pubstate = {published}, tppubtype = {article} } Suicide prevention and adequate management of those with suicidal behaviour should be one of the major drivers in designing clinical services and guiding mental health policy decisions at all levels. In order for these decisions and this guidance to be effective, they need to be based on relevant and robust evidence covering both the magnitude of the problem at the local level where the decisions aim to have an impact, and on the effect that potential interventions may have on suicide and suicidal behaviour at the clinical and the population level. This issue of Epidemiology and Psychiatric Sciences includes two valuable contributions to the theoretical framework that needs to be used for an evidence-based policy on this area... |
García Robles, R; JL., Ayuso-Mateos CIE-11 and the depathologisation of the transgender condition. Artículo de revista Revista de psiquiatria y salud mental, 2019. @article{Robles2019, title = {CIE-11 and the depathologisation of the transgender condition.}, author = {Garc\'{i}a Robles, R and Ayuso-Mateos JL.}, url = {https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S1888989119300035?via%3Dihub https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/30846280}, doi = {10.1016/j.rpsm.2019.01.002}, year = {2019}, date = {2019-03-04}, journal = {Revista de psiquiatria y salud mental}, keywords = {}, pubstate = {published}, tppubtype = {article} } |
de la Torre-Luque, A; de la Fuente, J; Prina, M; Sanchez-Niubo, A; Haro, J M; Ayuso-Mateos, J L Long-term trajectories of depressive symptoms in old age: Relationships with sociodemographic and health-related factors Artículo de revista J Affect Disord, 246 , pp. 329–337, 2019. Resumen | Enlaces | BibTeX | Etiquetas: @article{pmid30594876b, title = {Long-term trajectories of depressive symptoms in old age: Relationships with sociodemographic and health-related factors}, author = {A de la Torre-Luque and J de la Fuente and M Prina and A Sanchez-Niubo and J M Haro and J L Ayuso-Mateos}, doi = {10.1016/j.jad.2018.12.122}, year = {2019}, date = {2019-03-01}, journal = {J Affect Disord}, volume = {246}, pages = {329--337}, abstract = {This study aimed at depicting the course of depression symptoms over the old age, with a special interest in a) uncovering its relationships with sociodemographic and health-related factors; b) analysing its predictive role on healthy-ageing outcomes later in life. The sample comprised 8317 older adults (46.02% men) from the English Longitudinal Study of Ageing. Robust structural equation modelling was used to identify symptom trajectories and their relationships with time-varying factors. Trajectory class and covariates were used to predict outcomes (quality of life, satisfaction with life, and daily living functioning) in a 2-year follow-up. Three trajectory classes (so-called, normative, subclinical, chronic symptom trajectories) were identified for both sexes. Rising hearing difficulties and history of psychiatric problems were consistently associated with the chronic symptom trajectory. Lower education level, history of psychiatric problems, and increasing visual difficulties were connected with the subclinical trajectories. Finally, participants with either a subclinical or a chronic symptom trajectory showed worse outcomes than the remaining participants in the follow-up. This study highlighted the presence of varying courses of depression symptoms (each showing some distinctive features from other another) over the old age, pointing to some relevant implications for clinical assessment and treatment prescription.}, keywords = {}, pubstate = {published}, tppubtype = {article} } This study aimed at depicting the course of depression symptoms over the old age, with a special interest in a) uncovering its relationships with sociodemographic and health-related factors; b) analysing its predictive role on healthy-ageing outcomes later in life. The sample comprised 8317 older adults (46.02% men) from the English Longitudinal Study of Ageing. Robust structural equation modelling was used to identify symptom trajectories and their relationships with time-varying factors. Trajectory class and covariates were used to predict outcomes (quality of life, satisfaction with life, and daily living functioning) in a 2-year follow-up. Three trajectory classes (so-called, normative, subclinical, chronic symptom trajectories) were identified for both sexes. Rising hearing difficulties and history of psychiatric problems were consistently associated with the chronic symptom trajectory. Lower education level, history of psychiatric problems, and increasing visual difficulties were connected with the subclinical trajectories. Finally, participants with either a subclinical or a chronic symptom trajectory showed worse outcomes than the remaining participants in the follow-up. This study highlighted the presence of varying courses of depression symptoms (each showing some distinctive features from other another) over the old age, pointing to some relevant implications for clinical assessment and treatment prescription. |
Alem, A; Ayuso-Mateos, J L; Chisholm, D; Evans-Lacko, S; Gureje, O; Hanlon, C; Jordans, M; Kigozi, F; Lund, C; Petersen, I; Semrau, M; Shidhaye, R; Votruba, N; Thornicroft, G Emerging mental health systems in low- and middle-income countries: Recommendations from the EMERALD project Artículo de revista BJPsych Open, 2019. BibTeX | Etiquetas: @article{Alem2019b, title = {Emerging mental health systems in low- and middle-income countries: Recommendations from the EMERALD project}, author = {A Alem and J L Ayuso-Mateos and D Chisholm and S Evans-Lacko and O Gureje and C Hanlon and M Jordans and F Kigozi and C Lund and I Petersen and M Semrau and R Shidhaye and N Votruba and G Thornicroft}, year = {2019}, date = {2019-03-01}, journal = {BJPsych Open}, keywords = {}, pubstate = {published}, tppubtype = {article} } |
Evans-Lacko, S; Hanlon, C; Alem, A; Ayuso-Mateos, JL ; Chisholm, D; Gureje, O; Jordans, M; Kigozi, F; Lempp, H; Lund, C; Petersen, I; Shidhaye, R; Thornicroft, G; Semrau, M BJPsych Open, 2019. Resumen | Enlaces | BibTeX | Etiquetas: @article{Evans-Lacko2019, title = {Evaluation of capacity-building strategies for mental health system strengthening in low- and middle-income countries for service users and carers,policymakers and planners, and researchers}, author = {Evans-Lacko, S and Hanlon, C and Alem, A and Ayuso-Mateos, JL and Chisholm, D and Gureje, O and Jordans, M and Kigozi, F and Lempp, H and Lund, C and Petersen, I and Shidhaye, R and Thornicroft, G and Semrau, M.}, editor = {Cambridge University Press}, url = {http://sro.sussex.ac.uk/id/eprint/82256}, year = {2019}, date = {2019-02-25}, journal = {BJPsych Open}, abstract = {Background Strengthening of mental health systems in low- and middle-income countries (LMICs) requires the involvement of appropriately skilled and committed individuals from a range of stakeholder groups. Currently, few evidence-based capacity building activities and materials are available to enable and sustain comprehensive improvements. Aims Within the Emerald project, the goal of this study was to evaluate capacity-building activities for three target groups: (i) mental health service users and carers; (ii) policy-makers and planners; and (iii) mental health researchers. Method We developed and tailored three short courses (between 1 and 5 days). We then implemented and evaluated these short courses on twenty-four different occasions. We assessed satisfaction among 527 course participants as well as pre-post changes in knowledge in six LMICs (Ethiopia, India, Nepal, Nigeria, South Africa, Uganda). Changes in research capacity of partner Emerald institutions was also assessed through monitoring of academic outputs of participating researchers and students and via anonymous surveys. Results Short courses were associated with high levels of satisfaction and led to improvements in knowledge across target groups. In relation to institutional capacity building, all partner institutions reported improvements in research capacity for most aspects of mental health system strengthening and global mental health, and many of these positive changes were attributed to the Emerald programme. In terms of outputs, eight PhD students submitted a total of 10 papers relating to their PhD work (range 0-4) and were involved in 14 grant applications, of which 43% were successful. Conclusions The Emerald project has shown that building capacity of key stakeholders in mental health system strengthening is possible. However, the starting point and appropriate strategies for this may vary across different countries, depending on the local context, needs and resources.}, keywords = {}, pubstate = {published}, tppubtype = {article} } Background Strengthening of mental health systems in low- and middle-income countries (LMICs) requires the involvement of appropriately skilled and committed individuals from a range of stakeholder groups. Currently, few evidence-based capacity building activities and materials are available to enable and sustain comprehensive improvements. Aims Within the Emerald project, the goal of this study was to evaluate capacity-building activities for three target groups: (i) mental health service users and carers; (ii) policy-makers and planners; and (iii) mental health researchers. Method We developed and tailored three short courses (between 1 and 5 days). We then implemented and evaluated these short courses on twenty-four different occasions. We assessed satisfaction among 527 course participants as well as pre-post changes in knowledge in six LMICs (Ethiopia, India, Nepal, Nigeria, South Africa, Uganda). Changes in research capacity of partner Emerald institutions was also assessed through monitoring of academic outputs of participating researchers and students and via anonymous surveys. Results Short courses were associated with high levels of satisfaction and led to improvements in knowledge across target groups. In relation to institutional capacity building, all partner institutions reported improvements in research capacity for most aspects of mental health system strengthening and global mental health, and many of these positive changes were attributed to the Emerald programme. In terms of outputs, eight PhD students submitted a total of 10 papers relating to their PhD work (range 0-4) and were involved in 14 grant applications, of which 43% were successful. Conclusions The Emerald project has shown that building capacity of key stakeholders in mental health system strengthening is possible. However, the starting point and appropriate strategies for this may vary across different countries, depending on the local context, needs and resources. |
E, Lara; N, Martín-María; AK, Forsman; J, Cresswell-Smith; V, Donisi; M, Ådnanes; J, Kaasbøll; L, Melby; J, Nordmyr; L, Nyholm; L, Rabbi; F, Amaddeo; M, Miret Understanding the Multi-Dimensional Mental Well-Being in Late Life: Evidence from the Perspective of the Oldest Old Population. Artículo de revista J Happiness Stud, 2019, ISSN: 1389-4978. Resumen | Enlaces | BibTeX | Etiquetas: @article{E2019b, title = {Understanding the Multi-Dimensional Mental Well-Being in Late Life: Evidence from the Perspective of the Oldest Old Population. }, author = {Lara E and Mart\'{i}n-Mar\'{i}a N and Forsman AK and Cresswell-Smith J and Donisi V and r{A}dnanes M and Kaasb\oll J and Melby L and Nordmyr J and Nyholm L and Rabbi L and Amaddeo F and Miret M}, url = {https://link.springer.com/article/10.1007/s10902-019-00090-1}, doi = {10.1007/s10902-019-00090-1}, issn = {1389-4978}, year = {2019}, date = {2019-02-23}, journal = {J Happiness Stud}, abstract = {The promotion, maintenance, and improvement of well-being among the oldest old population is becoming a great public health concern. This study aimed to explore the experiences of individuals aged 80 plus regarding their mental well-being (MWB) and its contributing factors in four European countries. A qualitative approach was followed, with twenty-three focus groups. One hundred and seventeen respondents were recruited from senior community centers, adult day care centers, and nursing homes. Data was assessed using qualitative content analysis. Participants’ perspectives on MWB were collated along four dimensions: functional, social, personal and environmental. Staying healthy and maintaining independence, having close relationships with others, and insightful experiences with friends positively contributed to MWB. Additionally, engagement in fruitful or inspiring activities contributed to enhance personal development, which, in turn, had beneficial effects on MWB. Having a positive outlook was also found to be associated with MWB. Results reinforce the dynamic and multidimensional nature state of MWB, as well as highlighting the significance of psychosocial factors. Developing and implementing policy actions including a focus on the social and physical environment as well as strengthening personal capabilities and self-esteem, can foster MWB among the oldest old population.}, keywords = {}, pubstate = {published}, tppubtype = {article} } The promotion, maintenance, and improvement of well-being among the oldest old population is becoming a great public health concern. This study aimed to explore the experiences of individuals aged 80 plus regarding their mental well-being (MWB) and its contributing factors in four European countries. A qualitative approach was followed, with twenty-three focus groups. One hundred and seventeen respondents were recruited from senior community centers, adult day care centers, and nursing homes. Data was assessed using qualitative content analysis. Participants’ perspectives on MWB were collated along four dimensions: functional, social, personal and environmental. Staying healthy and maintaining independence, having close relationships with others, and insightful experiences with friends positively contributed to MWB. Additionally, engagement in fruitful or inspiring activities contributed to enhance personal development, which, in turn, had beneficial effects on MWB. Having a positive outlook was also found to be associated with MWB. Results reinforce the dynamic and multidimensional nature state of MWB, as well as highlighting the significance of psychosocial factors. Developing and implementing policy actions including a focus on the social and physical environment as well as strengthening personal capabilities and self-esteem, can foster MWB among the oldest old population. |
Rugulies, R; Ando, E; Ayuso-Mateos, J L; Bonafede, M; Cabello, M; Tecco, Di C; Dragano, N; Durand-Moreau, Q; Eguchi, H; Gao, J; Garde, A H; Iavicoli, S; Ivanov, I D; Leppink, N; Madsen, I E H; Pega, F; Prüss-Üstün, A M; Rondinone, B M; Sørensen, K; Tsuno, K; YUjita, ; Zadow, A Environ Int, 2019. Resumen | Enlaces | BibTeX | Etiquetas: @article{Rugulies2019, title = {WHO/ILO work-related burden of disease and injury: Protocol for systematic reviews of exposure to long working hours and of the effect of exposure to long working hours on depression.}, author = {R Rugulies and E Ando and J L Ayuso-Mateos and M Bonafede and M Cabello and C Di Tecco and N Dragano and Q Durand-Moreau and H Eguchi and J Gao and A H Garde and S Iavicoli and I D Ivanov and N Leppink and I E H Madsen and F Pega and A M Pr\"{u}ss-\"{U}st\"{u}n and B M Rondinone and K S\orensen and K Tsuno and YUjita and A Zadow}, url = {https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S016041201732175X?via%3Dihub}, doi = {10.1016/j.envint.2018.11.011}, year = {2019}, date = {2019-02-05}, journal = {Environ Int}, abstract = {BACKGROUND: The World Health Organization (WHO) and the International Labour Organization (ILO) are developing a joint methodology for estimating the national and global work-related burden of disease and injury (WHO/ILO joint methodology), with contributions from a large network of experts. In this paper, we present the protocol for two systematic reviews of parameters for estimating the number of deaths and disability-adjusted life years from depression attributable to exposure to long working hours, to inform the development of the WHO/ILO joint methodology. OBJECTIVES: We aim to systematically review studies on occupational exposure to long working hours (Systematic Review 1) and systematically review and meta-analyse estimates of the effect of long working hours on depression (Systematic Review 2), applying the Navigation Guide systematic review methodology as an organizing framework, conducting both systematic reviews in tandem and in a harmonized way. DATA SOURCES: Separately for Systematic Reviews 1 and 2, we will search electronic academic databases for potentially relevant records from published and unpublished studies, including Medline, EMBASE, Web of Science, CISDOC and PsycINFO. We will also search electronic grey literature databases, Internet search engines and organizational websites; hand search reference list of previous systematic reviews and included study records; and consult additional experts. STUDY ELIGIBILITY AND CRITERIA: We will include working-age (≥15 years) participants in the formal and informal economy in any WHO and/or ILO Member State, but exclude child workers (<15 years) and unpaid domestic workers. For Systematic Review 1, we will include quantitative prevalence studies of relevant levels of occupational exposure to long working hours (i.e. 35-40, 41-48, 49-54 and ≥55 h/week) stratified by country, sex, age and industrial sector or occupation, in the years 2005-2018. For Systematic Review 2, we will include randomized controlled trials, cohort studies, case-control studies and other non-randomized intervention studies with an estimate of the relative effect of relevant level(s) of long working hours on the incidence of or mortality due to depression, compared with the theoretical minimum risk exposure level (i.e. 35-40 h/week). STUDY APPRAISAL AND SYNTHESIS METHODS: At least two review authors will independently screen titles and abstracts against the eligibility criteria at a first stage and full texts of potentially eligible records at a second stage, followed by extraction of data from qualifying studies. At least two review authors will assess risk of bias and the quality of evidence, using the most suited tools currently available. For Systematic Review 2, if feasible, we will combine relative risks using meta-analysis. We will report results using the guidelines for accurate and transparent health estimates reporting (GATHER) for Systematic Review 1 and the preferred reporting items for systematic reviews and meta-analyses guidelines (PRISMA) for Systematic Review 2.}, keywords = {}, pubstate = {published}, tppubtype = {article} } BACKGROUND: The World Health Organization (WHO) and the International Labour Organization (ILO) are developing a joint methodology for estimating the national and global work-related burden of disease and injury (WHO/ILO joint methodology), with contributions from a large network of experts. In this paper, we present the protocol for two systematic reviews of parameters for estimating the number of deaths and disability-adjusted life years from depression attributable to exposure to long working hours, to inform the development of the WHO/ILO joint methodology. OBJECTIVES: We aim to systematically review studies on occupational exposure to long working hours (Systematic Review 1) and systematically review and meta-analyse estimates of the effect of long working hours on depression (Systematic Review 2), applying the Navigation Guide systematic review methodology as an organizing framework, conducting both systematic reviews in tandem and in a harmonized way. DATA SOURCES: Separately for Systematic Reviews 1 and 2, we will search electronic academic databases for potentially relevant records from published and unpublished studies, including Medline, EMBASE, Web of Science, CISDOC and PsycINFO. We will also search electronic grey literature databases, Internet search engines and organizational websites; hand search reference list of previous systematic reviews and included study records; and consult additional experts. STUDY ELIGIBILITY AND CRITERIA: We will include working-age (≥15 years) participants in the formal and informal economy in any WHO and/or ILO Member State, but exclude child workers (<15 years) and unpaid domestic workers. For Systematic Review 1, we will include quantitative prevalence studies of relevant levels of occupational exposure to long working hours (i.e. 35-40, 41-48, 49-54 and ≥55 h/week) stratified by country, sex, age and industrial sector or occupation, in the years 2005-2018. For Systematic Review 2, we will include randomized controlled trials, cohort studies, case-control studies and other non-randomized intervention studies with an estimate of the relative effect of relevant level(s) of long working hours on the incidence of or mortality due to depression, compared with the theoretical minimum risk exposure level (i.e. 35-40 h/week). STUDY APPRAISAL AND SYNTHESIS METHODS: At least two review authors will independently screen titles and abstracts against the eligibility criteria at a first stage and full texts of potentially eligible records at a second stage, followed by extraction of data from qualifying studies. At least two review authors will assess risk of bias and the quality of evidence, using the most suited tools currently available. For Systematic Review 2, if feasible, we will combine relative risks using meta-analysis. We will report results using the guidelines for accurate and transparent health estimates reporting (GATHER) for Systematic Review 1 and the preferred reporting items for systematic reviews and meta-analyses guidelines (PRISMA) for Systematic Review 2. |
Reed, G M; First, M B; Kogan, C S; Hyman, S E; Gureje, O; Gaebel, W; Maj, M; Stein, D J; Maercker, A; Tyrer, P; Claudino, A; Garralda, E; Salvador-Carulla, L; Ray, R; Saunders, J B; Dua, T; Poznyak, V; Medina-Mora, M E; Pike, K M; Ayuso-Mateos, J L; Kanba, S; Keeley, J W; Khoury, B; Krasnov, V N; Kulygina, M; Lovell, A M; Mari, J J; Maruta, T; Matsumoto, C; Rebello, T J; Roberts, M C; Robles, R; Sharan, P; Zhao, M; Jablensky, A; Udomratn, P; Rahimi-Movaghar, A; Rydelius, P A; Bährer-Kohler, S; Watts, A D; Saxena, S Innovations and changes in the ICD-11 classification of mental, behavioural and neurodevelopmental disorders Artículo de revista World Psychiatry, 18 (1), pp. 3-19, 2019. Resumen | Enlaces | BibTeX | Etiquetas: @article{Saxena.2019, title = {Innovations and changes in the ICD-11 classification of mental, behavioural and neurodevelopmental disorders}, author = {G M Reed and M B First and C S Kogan and S E Hyman and O Gureje and W Gaebel and M Maj and D J Stein and A Maercker and P Tyrer and A Claudino and E Garralda and L Salvador-Carulla and R Ray and J B Saunders and T Dua and V Poznyak and M E Medina-Mora and K M Pike and J L Ayuso-Mateos and S Kanba and J W Keeley and B Khoury and V N Krasnov and M Kulygina and A M. Lovell and J J Mari and T Maruta and C Matsumoto and T J Rebello and M C Roberts and R Robles and P Sharan and M Zhao and A Jablensky and P Udomratn and A Rahimi-Movaghar and P A Rydelius and S B\"{a}hrer-Kohler and A D. Watts and S Saxena}, doi = {10.1002/wps.20611}, year = {2019}, date = {2019-02-01}, journal = {World Psychiatry}, volume = {18}, number = {1}, pages = {3-19}, abstract = {Following approval of the ICD-11 by the World Health Assembly in May 2019, World Health Organization (WHO) member states will transition from the ICD-10 to the ICD-11, with reporting of health statistics based on the new system to begin on January 1, 2022. The WHO Department of Mental Health and Substance Abuse will publish Clinical Descriptions and Diagnostic Guidelines (CDDG) for ICD-11 Mental, Behavioural and Neurodevelopmental Disorders following ICD-11’s approval. Te development of the ICD-11 CDDG over the past decade, based on the principles of clinical utility and global applicability, has been the most broadly international, multilingual, multidisciplinary and participative revision process ever implemented for a classifcation of mental disorders. Innovations in the ICD-11 include the provision of consistent and systematically characterized information, the adoption of a lifespan approach, and culture-related guidance for each disorder. Dimensional approaches have been incorporated into the classifcation, particularly for personality disorders and primary psychotic disorders, in ways that are consistent with current evidence, are more compatible with recovery-based approaches, eliminate artifcial comorbidity, and more efectively capture changes over time. Here we describe major changes to the structure of the ICD-11 classifcation of mental disorders as compared to the ICD-10, and the development of two new ICD-11 chapters relevant to mental health practice. We illustrate a set of new categories that have been added to the ICD-11 and present the rationale for their inclusion. Finally, we provide a description of the important changes that have been made in each ICD-11 disorder grouping. Tis information is intended to be useful for both clinicians and researchers in orienting themselves to the ICD-11 and in preparing for implementation in their own professional contexts. }, keywords = {}, pubstate = {published}, tppubtype = {article} } Following approval of the ICD-11 by the World Health Assembly in May 2019, World Health Organization (WHO) member states will transition from the ICD-10 to the ICD-11, with reporting of health statistics based on the new system to begin on January 1, 2022. The WHO Department of Mental Health and Substance Abuse will publish Clinical Descriptions and Diagnostic Guidelines (CDDG) for ICD-11 Mental, Behavioural and Neurodevelopmental Disorders following ICD-11’s approval. Te development of the ICD-11 CDDG over the past decade, based on the principles of clinical utility and global applicability, has been the most broadly international, multilingual, multidisciplinary and participative revision process ever implemented for a classifcation of mental disorders. Innovations in the ICD-11 include the provision of consistent and systematically characterized information, the adoption of a lifespan approach, and culture-related guidance for each disorder. Dimensional approaches have been incorporated into the classifcation, particularly for personality disorders and primary psychotic disorders, in ways that are consistent with current evidence, are more compatible with recovery-based approaches, eliminate artifcial comorbidity, and more efectively capture changes over time. Here we describe major changes to the structure of the ICD-11 classifcation of mental disorders as compared to the ICD-10, and the development of two new ICD-11 chapters relevant to mental health practice. We illustrate a set of new categories that have been added to the ICD-11 and present the rationale for their inclusion. Finally, we provide a description of the important changes that have been made in each ICD-11 disorder grouping. Tis information is intended to be useful for both clinicians and researchers in orienting themselves to the ICD-11 and in preparing for implementation in their own professional contexts. |
Gili, M; Castellví, P; Vives, M; de la Torre-Luque, A; Almenara, J; et al. Blasco, M Mental disorders as risk factors for suicidal behavior in young people: A meta-analysis and systematic review of longitudinal studies Artículo de revista J Affect Disord. , (245), pp. 152-262, 2019. Resumen | Enlaces | BibTeX | Etiquetas: @article{Gili2019, title = {Mental disorders as risk factors for suicidal behavior in young people: A meta-analysis and systematic review of longitudinal studies}, author = {Gili, M and Castellv\'{i}, P and Vives, M and de la Torre-Luque, A and Almenara, J and Blasco, M et al.}, doi = {10.1016/j.jad.2018.10.115}, year = {2019}, date = {2019-02-01}, journal = {J Affect Disord. }, number = {245}, pages = {152-262}, abstract = {BACKGROUND: Suicide is the second leading cause of death for young people. OBJECTIVE: To assess mental disorders as risk factors for suicidal behaviour among adolescents and young adults including population-based longitudinal studies. METHOD: We conducted a systematic literature review. Bibliographic searches undertaken in five international databases and grey literature sources until January 2017 yielded a total of 26,883 potential papers. 1701 full-text articles were assessed for eligibility of which 1677 were excluded because they did not meet our eligibility criteria. Separate meta-analyses were conducted for each outcome (suicide death and suicide attempts). Odds ratio (OR) and 95% confidence intervals (95%CI) and beta coefficients and standard errors were calculated. RESULTS: 24 studies were finally included involving 25,354 participants (12-26 years). The presence of any mental disorder was associated with higher risk of suicide death (OR = 10.83, 95%CI = 4.69-25.00) and suicide attempt (OR = 3.56; 95%CI 2.24-5.67). When considering suicidal attempt as the outcome, only affective disorders (OR = 1.54; 95%CI = 1.21-1.96) were significant. Finally, the results revealed that psychiatric comorbidity was a primary risk factor for suicide attempts. LIMITATIONS: Data were obtained from studies with heterogeneous diagnostic assessments of mental disorders. Nine case-control studies were included and some data were collected in students, not in general population. CONCLUSIONS: Mental disorders and comorbidity are strong predictors of suicide behaviour in young people. Detection and management of the affective disorders as well as their psychiatric comorbidity could be a crucial strategy to prevent suicidality in this age group.}, keywords = {}, pubstate = {published}, tppubtype = {article} } BACKGROUND: Suicide is the second leading cause of death for young people. OBJECTIVE: To assess mental disorders as risk factors for suicidal behaviour among adolescents and young adults including population-based longitudinal studies. METHOD: We conducted a systematic literature review. Bibliographic searches undertaken in five international databases and grey literature sources until January 2017 yielded a total of 26,883 potential papers. 1701 full-text articles were assessed for eligibility of which 1677 were excluded because they did not meet our eligibility criteria. Separate meta-analyses were conducted for each outcome (suicide death and suicide attempts). Odds ratio (OR) and 95% confidence intervals (95%CI) and beta coefficients and standard errors were calculated. RESULTS: 24 studies were finally included involving 25,354 participants (12-26 years). The presence of any mental disorder was associated with higher risk of suicide death (OR = 10.83, 95%CI = 4.69-25.00) and suicide attempt (OR = 3.56; 95%CI 2.24-5.67). When considering suicidal attempt as the outcome, only affective disorders (OR = 1.54; 95%CI = 1.21-1.96) were significant. Finally, the results revealed that psychiatric comorbidity was a primary risk factor for suicide attempts. LIMITATIONS: Data were obtained from studies with heterogeneous diagnostic assessments of mental disorders. Nine case-control studies were included and some data were collected in students, not in general population. CONCLUSIONS: Mental disorders and comorbidity are strong predictors of suicide behaviour in young people. Detection and management of the affective disorders as well as their psychiatric comorbidity could be a crucial strategy to prevent suicidality in this age group. |
A, Foscolou ; E, Critselis ; S, Tyrovolas ; C, Chrysohoou ; L S, Sidossis ; N, Naumovski ; A L, Matalas ; L, Rallidis ; E, Polychronopoulos ; J L, Ayuso-Mateos ; J M, Haro ; D, Panagiotakos The Effect of Exclusive Olive Oil Consumption on Successful Aging: A Combined Analysis of the ATTICA and MEDIS Epidemiological Studies Artículo de revista Foods, 8 (1), 2019. Resumen | Enlaces | BibTeX | Etiquetas: @article{A2019, title = {The Effect of Exclusive Olive Oil Consumption on Successful Aging: A Combined Analysis of the ATTICA and MEDIS Epidemiological Studies}, author = {A, Foscolou and E, Critselis and S, Tyrovolas and C, Chrysohoou and L S, Sidossis and N, Naumovski and A L, Matalas and L, Rallidis and E, Polychronopoulos and J L, Ayuso-Mateos and J M, Haro and D, Panagiotakos}, doi = {10.3390/foods8010025}, year = {2019}, date = {2019-01-12}, journal = {Foods}, volume = {8}, number = {1}, abstract = {The consumption of dietary fats, which occur naturally in various foods, poses important impacts on health. The aim of this study was to elucidate the association of exclusive use of olive oil for culinary purposes with successful aging in adults aged >50 years old and residing in Greece. Use of olive oil in food preparation and bio-clinical characteristics of the Greek participants enrolled in the ATTICA (n = 1128 adults from Athens metropolitan area) and the MEDiterranean Islands Study (MEDIS) (n = 2221 adults from various Greek islands and Mani) studies, were investigated in relation to successful aging (SA). Participants were divided into the following three categories: (a) no olive oil consumption; (b) combined consumption of olive oil and other dietary fats; and (c) exclusive olive oil consumption. The SA was measured using the previously validated successful aging index (SAI). After adjusting for age, sex, and smoking habits, combined consumption of olive oil and other fats (vs. no olive oil use) was not significantly associated with SAI levels (p = 0.114). However, exclusive olive oil intake (vs. no use of olive oil) was significantly associated with SAI (p = 0.001), particularly among those aged older than 70 years. Therefore, the exclusive consumption of olive oil, as opposed to either combined or no olive oil consumption, beneficially impacts successful aging, particularly among individuals over 70 years of age. Primary public health prevention strategies should seek to encourage the enhanced adoption of such dietary practices in order to promote healthy aging and longevity.}, keywords = {}, pubstate = {published}, tppubtype = {article} } The consumption of dietary fats, which occur naturally in various foods, poses important impacts on health. The aim of this study was to elucidate the association of exclusive use of olive oil for culinary purposes with successful aging in adults aged >50 years old and residing in Greece. Use of olive oil in food preparation and bio-clinical characteristics of the Greek participants enrolled in the ATTICA (n = 1128 adults from Athens metropolitan area) and the MEDiterranean Islands Study (MEDIS) (n = 2221 adults from various Greek islands and Mani) studies, were investigated in relation to successful aging (SA). Participants were divided into the following three categories: (a) no olive oil consumption; (b) combined consumption of olive oil and other dietary fats; and (c) exclusive olive oil consumption. The SA was measured using the previously validated successful aging index (SAI). After adjusting for age, sex, and smoking habits, combined consumption of olive oil and other fats (vs. no olive oil use) was not significantly associated with SAI levels (p = 0.114). However, exclusive olive oil intake (vs. no use of olive oil) was significantly associated with SAI (p = 0.001), particularly among those aged older than 70 years. Therefore, the exclusive consumption of olive oil, as opposed to either combined or no olive oil consumption, beneficially impacts successful aging, particularly among individuals over 70 years of age. Primary public health prevention strategies should seek to encourage the enhanced adoption of such dietary practices in order to promote healthy aging and longevity. |
Salagre, E; Arango, C; Artigas, F; Ayuso-Mateos, J L; Bernardo, M; Castro-Fornieles, J; Bobes, J; Desco, M; Fananás, L; González-Pinto, ; María Haro, J; Leza, J C; Mckenna, J C; Meana, J J; Menchón, J M; Micó, J A; Palomo, T; Pazos, A; Pérez, V; Saiz-Ruiz, J; Sanjuán, J; Tabarés-Seisdedos, R; Crespo-Facorro, B; Casas, M; Vilella, E; Palao, D; Olivares, J M; Rodriguez-Jimenez, R; Vieta, E Diez años de investigación traslacional colaborativa en enfermedades mentales: el CIBERSAM Artículo de revista Revista de Psiquiatría y Salud Mental, 12 (1), pp. 1-8, 2019. Resumen | Enlaces | BibTeX | Etiquetas: @article{Salagre2019, title = {Diez a\~{n}os de investigaci\'{o}n traslacional colaborativa en enfermedades mentales: el CIBERSAM}, author = {Salagre, E and Arango,C and Artigas, F and Ayuso-Mateos, J.L and Bernardo, M and Castro-Fornieles, J and Bobes, J and Desco, M and Fanan\'{a}s, L and Gonz\'{a}lez-Pinto, and Mar\'{i}a Haro, J and Leza, J.C and Mckenna, J.C and Meana, J.J and Mench\'{o}n, J.M and Mic\'{o}, J.A and Palomo, T and Pazos, A and P\'{e}rez, V and Saiz-Ruiz, J and Sanju\'{a}n, J and Tabar\'{e}s-Seisdedos, R and Crespo-Facorro, B and Casas, M and Vilella, E and Palao, D and Olivares, J.M and Rodriguez-Jimenez, R and Vieta, E. }, editor = {Elsevier Doyma}, url = {https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S1888989118300958?via%3Dihub }, doi = {10.1016/j.rpsm.2018.10.001}, year = {2019}, date = {2019-01-01}, journal = {Revista de Psiquiatr\'{i}a y Salud Mental}, volume = {12}, number = {1}, pages = {1-8}, abstract = {Hace 10 anos ˜ que el Centro de Investigaci\'{o}n Biom\'{e}dica en Red de Salud Mental (CIBERSAM) naci\'{o} con el objetivo principal de favorecer la investigaci\'{o}n traslacional colaborativa de excelencia en salud mental. Tambi\'{e}n hace 10 a\~{n}os que se puso en marcha la Revista de Psiquiatr\'{I}a y Salud Mental. Dicha revista ha acompanado al CIBERSAM desde sus inicios y ha publicado m\'{a}s de 100 trabajos de investigadores del CIBERSAM. Por ello, hemos querido publicar este art\'{i}culo que resume la trayectoria del CIBERSAM durante una d\'{e}cada en la Revista de Psiquiatr\'{I}a y Salud Mental. Concebido inicialmente como una red de investigaci\'{o}n colaborativa (Red de Enfermedades Mentales, Trastornos Afectivos y Psic\'{o}ticos [REM-TAP]), el CIBERSAM naci\'{o} formalmente en 2007, y de forma efectiva en 2008, para integrar a los grupos de investigaci\'{o}n b\'{a}sica y cl\'{i}nica en psiquiatr\'{i}a, salud mental y ciencias afines m\'{a}s destacados del pa\'{i}s, como qued\'{o} plasmado en un n\'{u}mero especial que, en 2009, le dedic\'{o} la revista The European Journal of Psychiatry1. El CIBERSAM tiene un car\'{a}cter abierto, competitivo y meritocr\'{a}tico con base en criterios cient\'{i}ficos, lo que lo convierte en una estructura din\'{a}mica, con evaluaci\'{o}n anual y entrada y salida de grupos en funci\'{o}n de su productividad. Aunque algunos grupos presentes en el momento de la creaci\'{o}n del CIBERSAM ya no forman parte de \'{e}l, sus contribuciones tambi\'{e}n han favorecido el progreso de la investigaci\'{o}n en enfermedades mentales.}, keywords = {}, pubstate = {published}, tppubtype = {article} } Hace 10 anos ˜ que el Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Salud Mental (CIBERSAM) nació con el objetivo principal de favorecer la investigación traslacional colaborativa de excelencia en salud mental. También hace 10 años que se puso en marcha la Revista de PsiquiatrÍa y Salud Mental. Dicha revista ha acompanado al CIBERSAM desde sus inicios y ha publicado más de 100 trabajos de investigadores del CIBERSAM. Por ello, hemos querido publicar este artículo que resume la trayectoria del CIBERSAM durante una década en la Revista de PsiquiatrÍa y Salud Mental. Concebido inicialmente como una red de investigación colaborativa (Red de Enfermedades Mentales, Trastornos Afectivos y Psicóticos [REM-TAP]), el CIBERSAM nació formalmente en 2007, y de forma efectiva en 2008, para integrar a los grupos de investigación básica y clínica en psiquiatría, salud mental y ciencias afines más destacados del país, como quedó plasmado en un número especial que, en 2009, le dedicó la revista The European Journal of Psychiatry1. El CIBERSAM tiene un carácter abierto, competitivo y meritocrático con base en criterios científicos, lo que lo convierte en una estructura dinámica, con evaluación anual y entrada y salida de grupos en función de su productividad. Aunque algunos grupos presentes en el momento de la creación del CIBERSAM ya no forman parte de él, sus contribuciones también han favorecido el progreso de la investigación en enfermedades mentales. |
2018 |
Martín-María, N; Caballero, FF ; Moreno-Agostino, D; Olaya, B; Haro, JM ; Ayuso-Mateos, JL ; Miret, M Relationship between subjective well-being and healthy lifestyle behaviours in older adults: a longitudinal study. Artículo de revista Aging & mental health, 1 (9), 2018. Resumen | Enlaces | BibTeX | Etiquetas: @article{Mart\'{i}n-Mar\'{i}a2018, title = {Relationship between subjective well-being and healthy lifestyle behaviours in older adults: a longitudinal study. }, author = {Mart\'{i}n-Mar\'{i}a, N and Caballero, FF and Moreno-Agostino, D and Olaya, B and Haro, JM and Ayuso-Mateos, JL and Miret, M.}, url = {https://www.tandfonline.com/doi/full/10.1080/13607863.2018.1548567}, year = {2018}, date = {2018-12-28}, journal = {Aging & mental health}, volume = {1}, number = {9}, abstract = {Objectives: People who report better subjective well-being tend to be healthier in their daily behaviours. The objective of this study is to assess whether different components of subjective well-being are prospectively associated with different healthy lifestyle behaviours and to assess whether these associations differ by age. Method: A total of 1,892 participants aged 50+ living in Spain were interviewed in 2011\textendash12 and 2014\textendash15. Life satisfaction was measured with the Cantril Self-Anchoring Striving Scale. Positive and negative affect were assessed using the Day Reconstruction Method. Physical activity was assessed with the Global Physical Activity Questionnaire version 2. The remaining healthy lifestyle behaviours were self-reported. Generalised Estimating Equations (GEE) models were run. Results: Not having a heavy episodic alcohol drinking was the healthy lifestyle behaviour most fulfilled (97.97%), whereas the intake of five or more fruits and vegetables was the least followed (33.12%). GEE models conducted over the 50\textendash64 and the 65+ age groups showed that a higher life satisfaction was significantly related to a higher physical activity in both groups. Relationships between a higher negative affect and presenting a lower level of physical activity, and a higher positive affect and following the right consumption of fruits and vegetables and being a non-daily smoker, were only found in the older group. Conclusion: The relationship between subjective well-being and healthy lifestyle behaviours was found fundamentally in those aged 65+ years. Interventions focused on incrementing subjective well-being would have an impact on keeping a healthy lifestyle and, therefore, on reducing morbidity and mortality. Keywords: Positive affect, negative affect, life satisfaction, healthy lifestyle behaviours }, keywords = {}, pubstate = {published}, tppubtype = {article} } Objectives: People who report better subjective well-being tend to be healthier in their daily behaviours. The objective of this study is to assess whether different components of subjective well-being are prospectively associated with different healthy lifestyle behaviours and to assess whether these associations differ by age. Method: A total of 1,892 participants aged 50+ living in Spain were interviewed in 2011–12 and 2014–15. Life satisfaction was measured with the Cantril Self-Anchoring Striving Scale. Positive and negative affect were assessed using the Day Reconstruction Method. Physical activity was assessed with the Global Physical Activity Questionnaire version 2. The remaining healthy lifestyle behaviours were self-reported. Generalised Estimating Equations (GEE) models were run. Results: Not having a heavy episodic alcohol drinking was the healthy lifestyle behaviour most fulfilled (97.97%), whereas the intake of five or more fruits and vegetables was the least followed (33.12%). GEE models conducted over the 50–64 and the 65+ age groups showed that a higher life satisfaction was significantly related to a higher physical activity in both groups. Relationships between a higher negative affect and presenting a lower level of physical activity, and a higher positive affect and following the right consumption of fruits and vegetables and being a non-daily smoker, were only found in the older group. Conclusion: The relationship between subjective well-being and healthy lifestyle behaviours was found fundamentally in those aged 65+ years. Interventions focused on incrementing subjective well-being would have an impact on keeping a healthy lifestyle and, therefore, on reducing morbidity and mortality. Keywords: Positive affect, negative affect, life satisfaction, healthy lifestyle behaviours |
Koyanagi, A; Stubbs, B; Lara, E; Veronese, N; Vancampfort, D; Smith, L; Haro, J M; Oh, H; DeVylder, J E Psychotic experiences and subjective cognitive complaints among 224 842 people in 48 low- and middle-income countries Artículo de revista Epidemiol Psychiatr Sci, pp. 1–11, 2018. Resumen | Enlaces | BibTeX | Etiquetas: @article{pmid30585571, title = {Psychotic experiences and subjective cognitive complaints among 224 842 people in 48 low- and middle-income countries}, author = {A Koyanagi and B Stubbs and E Lara and N Veronese and D Vancampfort and L Smith and J M Haro and H Oh and J E DeVylder}, url = {https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/30585571}, doi = { 10.1017/S2045796018000744}, year = {2018}, date = {2018-12-26}, journal = {Epidemiol Psychiatr Sci}, pages = {1--11}, abstract = {Abstract: AimsCognitive deficits are an important factor in the pathogenesis of psychosis. Subjective cognitive complaints (SCCs) are often considered to be a precursor of objective cognitive deficits, but there are no studies specifically on SCC and psychotic experiences (PE). Thus, we assessed the association between SCC and PE using data from 48 low- and middle-income countries. Methods: Community-based cross-sectional data of the World Health Survey were analysed. Two questions on subjective memory and learning complaints in the past 30 days were used to create a SCC scale ranging from 0 to 10 with higher scores representing more severe SCC. The Composite International Diagnostic Interview was used to identify past 12-month PE. Multivariable logistic regression and mediation analyses were performed. Results: The final sample consisted of 224 842 adults aged >18 years [mean (SD) age 38.3 (16.0) years; 49.3% males]. After adjustment for sociodemographic factors, a one-unit increase in the SCC scale was associated with a 1.17 (95% CI 1.16-1.18) times higher odds for PE in the overall sample, with this association being more pronounced in younger individuals: age 18-44 years OR = 1.19 (95% CI 1.17-1.20); 45-64 years OR = 1.15 (95% CI 1.12-1.17); \^{a}©¾65 years OR = 1.14 (95% CI 1.09-1.19). Collectively, other mental health conditions (perceived stress, depression, anxiety, sleep problems) explained 43.4% of this association, and chronic physical conditions partially explained the association but to a lesser extent (11.8%). Conclusions: SCC were associated with PE. Future longitudinal studies are needed to understand temporal associations and causal inferences, while the utility of SCC as a risk marker for psychosis especially for young adults should be scrutinised.}, keywords = {}, pubstate = {published}, tppubtype = {article} } Abstract: AimsCognitive deficits are an important factor in the pathogenesis of psychosis. Subjective cognitive complaints (SCCs) are often considered to be a precursor of objective cognitive deficits, but there are no studies specifically on SCC and psychotic experiences (PE). Thus, we assessed the association between SCC and PE using data from 48 low- and middle-income countries. Methods: Community-based cross-sectional data of the World Health Survey were analysed. Two questions on subjective memory and learning complaints in the past 30 days were used to create a SCC scale ranging from 0 to 10 with higher scores representing more severe SCC. The Composite International Diagnostic Interview was used to identify past 12-month PE. Multivariable logistic regression and mediation analyses were performed. Results: The final sample consisted of 224 842 adults aged >18 years [mean (SD) age 38.3 (16.0) years; 49.3% males]. After adjustment for sociodemographic factors, a one-unit increase in the SCC scale was associated with a 1.17 (95% CI 1.16-1.18) times higher odds for PE in the overall sample, with this association being more pronounced in younger individuals: age 18-44 years OR = 1.19 (95% CI 1.17-1.20); 45-64 years OR = 1.15 (95% CI 1.12-1.17); ⩾65 years OR = 1.14 (95% CI 1.09-1.19). Collectively, other mental health conditions (perceived stress, depression, anxiety, sleep problems) explained 43.4% of this association, and chronic physical conditions partially explained the association but to a lesser extent (11.8%). Conclusions: SCC were associated with PE. Future longitudinal studies are needed to understand temporal associations and causal inferences, while the utility of SCC as a risk marker for psychosis especially for young adults should be scrutinised. |
de la Torre-Luque, A; de la Fuente, J; Prina, M; Sanchez-Niubo, A; Haro, J M; Ayuso-Mateos, J L Long-term trajectories of depressive symptoms in old age: Relationships with sociodemographic and health-related factors Artículo de revista J Affect Disord, 246 , pp. 329–337, 2018. Resumen | Enlaces | BibTeX | Etiquetas: @article{pmid30594876, title = {Long-term trajectories of depressive symptoms in old age: Relationships with sociodemographic and health-related factors}, author = {A de la Torre-Luque and J de la Fuente and M Prina and A Sanchez-Niubo and J M Haro and J L Ayuso-Mateos}, url = {https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/30594876}, doi = { 10.1016/j.jad.2018.12.122}, year = {2018}, date = {2018-12-25}, journal = {J Affect Disord}, volume = {246}, pages = {329--337}, abstract = {Background: This study aimed at depicting the course of depression symptoms over the old age, with a special interest in a) uncovering its relationships with sociodemographic and health-related factors; b) analysing its predictive role on healthy-ageing outcomes later in life. Methods: The sample comprised 8317 older adults (46.02% men) from the English Longitudinal Study of Ageing. Robust structural equation modelling was used to identify symptom trajectories and their relationships with time-varying factors. Trajectory class and covariates were used to predict outcomes (quality of life, satisfaction with life, and daily living functioning) in a 2-year follow-up. Results: Three trajectory classes (so-called, normative, subclinical, chronic symptom trajectories) were identified for both sexes. Rising hearing difficulties and history of psychiatric problems were consistently associated with the chronic symptom trajectory. Lower education level, history of psychiatric problems, and increasing visual difficulties were connected with the subclinical trajectories. Finally, participants with either a subclinical or a chronic symptom trajectory showed worse outcomes than the remaining participants in the follow-up. Conclusion: This study highlighted the presence of varying courses of depression symptoms (each showing some distinctive features from other another) over the old age, pointing to some relevant implications for clinical assessment and treatment prescription.}, keywords = {}, pubstate = {published}, tppubtype = {article} } Background: This study aimed at depicting the course of depression symptoms over the old age, with a special interest in a) uncovering its relationships with sociodemographic and health-related factors; b) analysing its predictive role on healthy-ageing outcomes later in life. Methods: The sample comprised 8317 older adults (46.02% men) from the English Longitudinal Study of Ageing. Robust structural equation modelling was used to identify symptom trajectories and their relationships with time-varying factors. Trajectory class and covariates were used to predict outcomes (quality of life, satisfaction with life, and daily living functioning) in a 2-year follow-up. Results: Three trajectory classes (so-called, normative, subclinical, chronic symptom trajectories) were identified for both sexes. Rising hearing difficulties and history of psychiatric problems were consistently associated with the chronic symptom trajectory. Lower education level, history of psychiatric problems, and increasing visual difficulties were connected with the subclinical trajectories. Finally, participants with either a subclinical or a chronic symptom trajectory showed worse outcomes than the remaining participants in the follow-up. Conclusion: This study highlighted the presence of varying courses of depression symptoms (each showing some distinctive features from other another) over the old age, pointing to some relevant implications for clinical assessment and treatment prescription. |
de la Fuente, J; Hjelmborg, J; Wod, M; de la Torre-Luque, A; Caballero, F F; Christensen, K; Ayuso-Mateos, J L Longitudinal Associations of Sensory and Cognitive Functioning: A Structural Equation Modelling approach Artículo de revista J Gerontol B Psychol Sci Soc Sci, 2018. Resumen | Enlaces | BibTeX | Etiquetas: @article{pmid30521005, title = {Longitudinal Associations of Sensory and Cognitive Functioning: A Structural Equation Modelling approach}, author = {J de la Fuente and J Hjelmborg and M Wod and A de la Torre-Luque and F F Caballero and K Christensen and J L Ayuso-Mateos}, url = {https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/?term=Longitudinal+Associations+of+Sensory+and+Cognitive+Functioning%3A+A+Structural+Equation+Modelling+approach}, year = {2018}, date = {2018-12-06}, journal = {J Gerontol B Psychol Sci Soc Sci}, abstract = {Objetives Although visual and hearing impairments have been found to be associated with cognitive decline in the old age, the mechanism underlying this relationship remains unclear. This study aims at assessing the predictive role of visual and hearing difficulties on subsequent cognitive functioning. Method 3,508 individuals aged 60 and over from the cohort of the first (2002) and fifth waves (2010) of the English Longitudinal Study of Ageing (ELSA). Five self-reported visual and hearing functioning items were used to assess sensory functioning at baseline. Cognition was assessed eight years later by means of four measured tests covering immediate and delayed recall, verbal fluency, and processing speed. A Multiple Indicators Multiple Causes approach was used to assess the longitudinal associations of visual and hearing functioning with cognitive difficulties. A multi-group longitudinal measurement invariance was used to estimate latent change in cognitive difficulties across groups of participants presenting either visual, hearing, or dual sensory impairment (i.e., those reporting difficulties in both visual and hearing functioning items). Results Visual (\^{I}²=0.140, p<0.001) and hearing (\^{I}²=0.115, p<0.001) difficulties predicted cognitive difficulties eight years later. The latent increase in cognitive difficulties was steeper in people with visual impairment (d= 0.52, p<0.001), hearing impairment (d=0.50, p<0.001), and dual-sensory impairment (d=0.68, p<0.001) than those non-impaired (d=0.12, p<0.001). Discussion Visual and hearing difficulties were identified as predictors of subsequent cognitive decline in the old age. Interventions to prevent visual and hearing difficulties may have a substantial impact to slow down subsequent age-related cognitive decline.}, keywords = {}, pubstate = {published}, tppubtype = {article} } Objetives Although visual and hearing impairments have been found to be associated with cognitive decline in the old age, the mechanism underlying this relationship remains unclear. This study aims at assessing the predictive role of visual and hearing difficulties on subsequent cognitive functioning. Method 3,508 individuals aged 60 and over from the cohort of the first (2002) and fifth waves (2010) of the English Longitudinal Study of Ageing (ELSA). Five self-reported visual and hearing functioning items were used to assess sensory functioning at baseline. Cognition was assessed eight years later by means of four measured tests covering immediate and delayed recall, verbal fluency, and processing speed. A Multiple Indicators Multiple Causes approach was used to assess the longitudinal associations of visual and hearing functioning with cognitive difficulties. A multi-group longitudinal measurement invariance was used to estimate latent change in cognitive difficulties across groups of participants presenting either visual, hearing, or dual sensory impairment (i.e., those reporting difficulties in both visual and hearing functioning items). Results Visual (β=0.140, p<0.001) and hearing (β=0.115, p<0.001) difficulties predicted cognitive difficulties eight years later. The latent increase in cognitive difficulties was steeper in people with visual impairment (d= 0.52, p<0.001), hearing impairment (d=0.50, p<0.001), and dual-sensory impairment (d=0.68, p<0.001) than those non-impaired (d=0.12, p<0.001). Discussion Visual and hearing difficulties were identified as predictors of subsequent cognitive decline in the old age. Interventions to prevent visual and hearing difficulties may have a substantial impact to slow down subsequent age-related cognitive decline. |
Domenech-Abella, J; Mundo, J; Leonardi, M; Chatterji, S; Tobiasz-Adamczyk, B; Koskinen, S; Ayuso-Mateos, JL ; Haro, J M The association between socioeconomic status and depression among older adults in Finland,Poland and Spain: A comparative cross-sectional study of distinct measures and pathways Artículo de revista Journal of affective disorders, 1 (241), pp. 311-318, 2018. Resumen | Enlaces | BibTeX | Etiquetas: @article{Domenech-Abella2018, title = {The association between socioeconomic status and depression among older adults in Finland,Poland and Spain: A comparative cross-sectional study of distinct measures and pathways}, author = {Domenech-Abella, J and Mundo, J and Leonardi, M and Chatterji, S and Tobiasz-Adamczyk, B and Koskinen, S and Ayuso-Mateos, JL and Haro, J. M. }, url = {https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/30142590}, doi = {10.1016/j.jad.2018.08.077}, year = {2018}, date = {2018-12-05}, journal = {Journal of affective disorders}, volume = {1}, number = {241}, pages = {311-318}, abstract = {BACKGROUND: Socioeconomic status, as measured by education, occupation or income, is associated with depression. However, data are lacking on the psychosocial, material and behavioral mediators of these associations. We have examined the association of education, occupation and income with depression and the potential mediations using community-based data. METHODS: A total of 7,966 older adults were interviewed in Finland, Poland and Spain. The differential associations between depression and SES, mediator variables, country of residence and cofounder variables, such as chronic physical conditions, were assessed through logistic regression models. Meditation analyses were carried out using khb method for Stata 13.1. RESULTS: Education, followed by household income, were the SES indicators most frequently significantly associated with depression. These SES markers, but not occupation, showed an independent effect in this association. Psychosocial factors and loneliness in particular showed the strongest associations with depression among mediator variables. However, material factors and, especially, financial strain had a higher mediating function in the association between SES and depression. Overall, SES markers, chronic conditions and mediation factors were more positive in Finland than in Poland and Spain. CONCLUSION: Improving psychosocial and material dimensions as well as access to the educational system for older adults might result in a reduction in the prevalence of depression in the general population and particularly among individuals with low SES.}, keywords = {}, pubstate = {published}, tppubtype = {article} } BACKGROUND: Socioeconomic status, as measured by education, occupation or income, is associated with depression. However, data are lacking on the psychosocial, material and behavioral mediators of these associations. We have examined the association of education, occupation and income with depression and the potential mediations using community-based data. METHODS: A total of 7,966 older adults were interviewed in Finland, Poland and Spain. The differential associations between depression and SES, mediator variables, country of residence and cofounder variables, such as chronic physical conditions, were assessed through logistic regression models. Meditation analyses were carried out using khb method for Stata 13.1. RESULTS: Education, followed by household income, were the SES indicators most frequently significantly associated with depression. These SES markers, but not occupation, showed an independent effect in this association. Psychosocial factors and loneliness in particular showed the strongest associations with depression among mediator variables. However, material factors and, especially, financial strain had a higher mediating function in the association between SES and depression. Overall, SES markers, chronic conditions and mediation factors were more positive in Finland than in Poland and Spain. CONCLUSION: Improving psychosocial and material dimensions as well as access to the educational system for older adults might result in a reduction in the prevalence of depression in the general population and particularly among individuals with low SES. |
Dimopoulos, A C; Nikolaidou, M; Caballero, F F; Engchuan, W; Sanchez-Niubo, A; Arndt, H; Ayuso-Mateos, JL ; Haro, JM ; Chatterji, S; Georgousopoulou, EN ; Pitsavos Cand Panagiotakos, D B Machine learning methodologies versus cardiovascular risk scores, in predicting disease risk. Artículo de revista BMC Med Res Methodol., 18 (1), pp. 179, 2018. Resumen | Enlaces | BibTeX | Etiquetas: @article{Dimopoulos2018, title = {Machine learning methodologies versus cardiovascular risk scores, in predicting disease risk. }, author = {Dimopoulos, A. C and Nikolaidou, M and Caballero, F. F and Engchuan, W and Sanchez-Niubo, A and Arndt, H and Ayuso-Mateos, JL and Haro, JM and Chatterji, S and Georgousopoulou, EN and Pitsavos, Cand Panagiotakos, D. B. }, url = {https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/30594138}, doi = {10.1186/s12874-018-0644-1}, year = {2018}, date = {2018-12-04}, journal = {BMC Med Res Methodol.}, volume = {18}, number = {1}, pages = {179}, abstract = {BACKGROUND: The use of Cardiovascular Disease (CVD) risk estimation scores in primary prevention has long been established. However, their performance still remains a matter of concern. The aim of this study was to explore the potential of using ML methodologies on CVD prediction, especially compared to established risk tool, the HellenicSCORE. METHODS: Data from the ATTICA prospective study (n = 2020 adults), enrolled during 2001-02 and followed-up in 2011-12 were used. Three different machine-learning classifiers (k-NN, random forest, and decision tree) were trained and evaluated against 10-year CVD incidence, in comparison with the HellenicSCORE tool (a calibration of the ESC SCORE). Training datasets, consisting from 16 variables to only 5 variables, were chosen, with or without bootstrapping, in an attempt to achieve the best overall performance for the machine learning classifiers. RESULTS: Depending on the classifier and the training dataset the outcome varied in efficiency but was comparable between the two methodological approaches. In particular, the HellenicSCORE showed accuracy 85%, specificity 20%, sensitivity 97%, positive predictive value 87%, and negative predictive value 58%, whereas for the machine learning methodologies, accuracy ranged from 65 to 84%, specificity from 46 to 56%, sensitivity from 67 to 89%, positive predictive value from 89 to 91%, and negative predictive value from 24 to 45%; random forest gave the best results, while the k-NN gave the poorest results. CONCLUSIONS: The alternative approach of machine learning classification produced results comparable to that of risk prediction scores and, thus, it can be used as a method of CVD prediction, taking into consideration the advantages that machine learning methodologies may offer.}, keywords = {}, pubstate = {published}, tppubtype = {article} } BACKGROUND: The use of Cardiovascular Disease (CVD) risk estimation scores in primary prevention has long been established. However, their performance still remains a matter of concern. The aim of this study was to explore the potential of using ML methodologies on CVD prediction, especially compared to established risk tool, the HellenicSCORE. METHODS: Data from the ATTICA prospective study (n = 2020 adults), enrolled during 2001-02 and followed-up in 2011-12 were used. Three different machine-learning classifiers (k-NN, random forest, and decision tree) were trained and evaluated against 10-year CVD incidence, in comparison with the HellenicSCORE tool (a calibration of the ESC SCORE). Training datasets, consisting from 16 variables to only 5 variables, were chosen, with or without bootstrapping, in an attempt to achieve the best overall performance for the machine learning classifiers. RESULTS: Depending on the classifier and the training dataset the outcome varied in efficiency but was comparable between the two methodological approaches. In particular, the HellenicSCORE showed accuracy 85%, specificity 20%, sensitivity 97%, positive predictive value 87%, and negative predictive value 58%, whereas for the machine learning methodologies, accuracy ranged from 65 to 84%, specificity from 46 to 56%, sensitivity from 67 to 89%, positive predictive value from 89 to 91%, and negative predictive value from 24 to 45%; random forest gave the best results, while the k-NN gave the poorest results. CONCLUSIONS: The alternative approach of machine learning classification produced results comparable to that of risk prediction scores and, thus, it can be used as a method of CVD prediction, taking into consideration the advantages that machine learning methodologies may offer. |
Kollia, N; Caballero, F F; Sanchez-Niubo, A; Tyrovolas, S; Ayuso-Mateos, J L; Haro, J M; Chatterji, S; Panagiotakos, D B Social determinants, health status and 10-year mortality among 10,906 older adults from the English longitudinal study of aging: the AŦĦLOS project Artículo de revista BMC Public Health, 18 (1), pp. 1357, 2018. Resumen | Enlaces | BibTeX | Etiquetas: @article{pmid30526556, title = {Social determinants, health status and 10-year mortality among 10,906 older adults from the English longitudinal study of aging: the A{T}{H}LOS project}, author = {N Kollia and F F Caballero and A Sanchez-Niubo and S Tyrovolas and J L Ayuso-Mateos and J M Haro and S Chatterji and D B Panagiotakos}, url = {https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/?term=Social+determinants%2C+health+status+and+10-year+mortality+among+10%2C906+older+adults+from+the+English+longitudinal+study+of+aging%3A+the+A%C5%A6%C4%A6LOS+project}, doi = {10.1186/s12889-018-6288-6.}, year = {2018}, date = {2018-12-01}, journal = {BMC Public Health}, volume = {18}, number = {1}, pages = {1357}, abstract = {In either rich or poor countries, people's health widely depends on the social conditions in which they live and work - the social determinants of health. The aim of the present work was to explore the association of educational and financial status with healthy aging and mortality. Data from the English Longitudinal Study of Aging (ELSA) were studied (n = 10,906 participants, 64 ± 11 years, 55% women). A set of 45 self-reported health items and measured tests were used to generate a latent health metric reflecting levels of functioning referred to as health metric (higher values indicated better health status). Overall mortality after 10-years of follow-up (2002-2012) was recorded. Both education and household wealth over time were positively associated with the health metric (p < 0.001) and negatively with overall mortality (p < 0.001). Lifestyle behaviors (i.e., physical activity, smoking habits and alcohol consumption) mediated the effect of education and household wealth on the health metric and the latter mediated their effect on overall mortality. In conclusion, reducing socioeconomic disparities in health by improving the access to education and by providing financial opportunities should be among the priorities in improving the health of older adults.}, keywords = {}, pubstate = {published}, tppubtype = {article} } In either rich or poor countries, people's health widely depends on the social conditions in which they live and work - the social determinants of health. The aim of the present work was to explore the association of educational and financial status with healthy aging and mortality. Data from the English Longitudinal Study of Aging (ELSA) were studied (n = 10,906 participants, 64 ± 11 years, 55% women). A set of 45 self-reported health items and measured tests were used to generate a latent health metric reflecting levels of functioning referred to as health metric (higher values indicated better health status). Overall mortality after 10-years of follow-up (2002-2012) was recorded. Both education and household wealth over time were positively associated with the health metric (p < 0.001) and negatively with overall mortality (p < 0.001). Lifestyle behaviors (i.e., physical activity, smoking habits and alcohol consumption) mediated the effect of education and household wealth on the health metric and the latter mediated their effect on overall mortality. In conclusion, reducing socioeconomic disparities in health by improving the access to education and by providing financial opportunities should be among the priorities in improving the health of older adults. |
Cresswell‑Smith, J; Amaddeo, F; Donisi, V; Forsman, A K; Kalseth, J; Martin‑Maria, N; Miret, M; Walhbeck, K Determinants of multidimensional mental wellbeing in the oldest old: a rapid review Artículo de revista Social Psychiatry and Psychiatric Epidemiology , 2018, ISSN: 1433-9285. Resumen | Enlaces | BibTeX | Etiquetas: @article{Cresswell‑Smith2018, title = {Determinants of multidimensional mental wellbeing in the oldest old: a rapid review}, author = {J Cresswell‑Smith and F Amaddeo and V Donisi and A K Forsman and J Kalseth and N Martin‑Maria and M Miret and K Walhbeck}, url = {https://link.springer.com/article/10.1007%2Fs00127-018-1633-8#citeas}, doi = {doi.org/10.1007/s00127-018-1633-8}, issn = {1433-9285}, year = {2018}, date = {2018-11-29}, journal = {Social Psychiatry and Psychiatric Epidemiology }, abstract = {Purpose Improved life expectancy imposes new challenges for policy-makers. The growing oldest-old age group (defined as 80 and over) is often characterised by increased support needs. Greater attention to wellbeing in this population group is necessary, and may well require a shift in social policy focus. The current review seeks to explore current research on determinants of mental wellbeing for the oldest old. Methods An iterative rapid review approach was used to review existing literature in line with four dimensions of mental wellbeing defined by the European Welfare Models and Mental Wellbeing in Final Years of Life (EMMY) study; functional, social, personal and environmental. A specific focus on articles employing multidimensional definitions of mental wellbeing was adopted. Results Multidimensional indicators reflect the multifaceted and multidirectional dynamics of wellbeing in very old age. Considerable variety in both measures and terminology was found within the literature making precise comparison difficult. The current review takes steps towards comparability by focusing on studies implementing multiple measures of mental wellbeing including evaluative, hedonistic and eudaimonic factors. Clearly defined and multifaceted measures of mental wellbeing are needed to sharpen evidence used in policy development, appraisal and evaluation in light of the considerable diversity of health and functional states experienced in later life. Conclusions Previous studies appear to line up the four main dimensions of mental wellbeing identified in the EMMY study. Actively improving opportunities for older adults to produce benefits to society can be done via a stronger focus on resources such as mental wellbeing.}, keywords = {}, pubstate = {published}, tppubtype = {article} } Purpose Improved life expectancy imposes new challenges for policy-makers. The growing oldest-old age group (defined as 80 and over) is often characterised by increased support needs. Greater attention to wellbeing in this population group is necessary, and may well require a shift in social policy focus. The current review seeks to explore current research on determinants of mental wellbeing for the oldest old. Methods An iterative rapid review approach was used to review existing literature in line with four dimensions of mental wellbeing defined by the European Welfare Models and Mental Wellbeing in Final Years of Life (EMMY) study; functional, social, personal and environmental. A specific focus on articles employing multidimensional definitions of mental wellbeing was adopted. Results Multidimensional indicators reflect the multifaceted and multidirectional dynamics of wellbeing in very old age. Considerable variety in both measures and terminology was found within the literature making precise comparison difficult. The current review takes steps towards comparability by focusing on studies implementing multiple measures of mental wellbeing including evaluative, hedonistic and eudaimonic factors. Clearly defined and multifaceted measures of mental wellbeing are needed to sharpen evidence used in policy development, appraisal and evaluation in light of the considerable diversity of health and functional states experienced in later life. Conclusions Previous studies appear to line up the four main dimensions of mental wellbeing identified in the EMMY study. Actively improving opportunities for older adults to produce benefits to society can be done via a stronger focus on resources such as mental wellbeing. |
Salagre, E; Arango, C; Artigas, F; Ayuso-Mateos, J L; Bernardo, M; Castro-Fornieles, J; Bobes, J; Desco, M; Fananas, L; Gonzalez-Pinto, A; Haro, J M; Leza, J C; Mckenna, P J; Meana, J J; Menchon, J M; Mico, J A; Palomo, T; Pazos, A; Perez, V; Saiz-Ruiz, J; Sanjuan, J; Tabares-Seisdedos, R; Crespo-Facorro, B; Casas, M; Vilella, E; Palao, D; Olivares, J M; Rodriguez-Jimenez, R; Vieta, E CIBERSAM: Ten years of collaborative translational research in mental disorders Artículo de revista Rev Psiquiatr Salud Ment, 2018. @article{pmid30416047, title = {CIBERSAM: Ten years of collaborative translational research in mental disorders}, author = {E Salagre and C Arango and F Artigas and J L Ayuso-Mateos and M Bernardo and J Castro-Fornieles and J Bobes and M Desco and L Fananas and A Gonzalez-Pinto and J M Haro and J C Leza and P J Mckenna and J J Meana and J M Menchon and J A Mico and T Palomo and A Pazos and V Perez and J Saiz-Ruiz and J Sanjuan and R Tabares-Seisdedos and B Crespo-Facorro and M Casas and E Vilella and D Palao and J M Olivares and R Rodriguez-Jimenez and E Vieta}, url = {https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/30416047}, doi = {10.1016/j.rpsm.2018.10.001}, year = {2018}, date = {2018-11-08}, journal = {Rev Psiquiatr Salud Ment}, keywords = {}, pubstate = {published}, tppubtype = {article} } |
Daskalopoulou, C; Koukounari, A; Ayuso-Mateos, J L; Prince, M; Prina, A M Associations of lifestyle behaviour and healthy ageing in five Latin American and the Caribbean countries - A 10/66 population-based cohort study Artículo de revista Nutrients, 10 (11), 2018. Resumen | Enlaces | BibTeX | Etiquetas: @article{Daskalopoulou2018, title = {Associations of lifestyle behaviour and healthy ageing in five Latin American and the Caribbean countries - A 10/66 population-based cohort study}, author = {C Daskalopoulou and A Koukounari and J.L Ayuso-Mateos and M Prince and A. M Prina}, url = {https://www.mdpi.com/2072-6643/10/11/1593 https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/30380734}, year = {2018}, date = {2018-10-30}, journal = {Nutrients}, volume = {10}, number = {11}, abstract = {Latin American and the Caribbean countries exhibit high life expectancy and projections show that they will experience the fastest growth of older people in the following years. As people live longer, it is important to maximise the opportunity to age healthily. We aimed to examine the associations of lifestyle behaviours with healthy ageing in Cuba, Dominican Republic, Peru, Mexico and Puerto Rico, part of the 10/66 study. Residents 65 years old and over (n = 10,900) were interviewed between 2003 and 2010. In the baseline survey, we measured four healthy behaviours: Physical activity, non-smoking, moderate drinking and fruits or vegetables consumption. Healthy ageing was conceptualised within the functional ability framework over a median of 4 years follow-up. Logistic models were calculated per country and then pooled together with fixed-effects meta-analysis. People engaging in physical activity and consuming fruits or vegetables had increased odds of healthy ageing in the follow-up (OR: 2.59, 95% CI: 2.20\textendash3.03; OR: 1.24, 95% CI: 1.06\textendash1.44, respectively). Compared with participants engaging in none or one healthy behaviour, the ORs of participants engaging in two, three or four healthy behaviours increased in a linear way (OR: 1.60, 95% CI: 1.40\textendash1.84; OR: 2.29, 95% CI: 1.94\textendash2.69; OR: 2.46, 95% CI: 1.54\textendash3.92, respectively). Our findings highlight the importance of awareness of a healthy lifestyle behaviour among older people.}, keywords = {}, pubstate = {published}, tppubtype = {article} } Latin American and the Caribbean countries exhibit high life expectancy and projections show that they will experience the fastest growth of older people in the following years. As people live longer, it is important to maximise the opportunity to age healthily. We aimed to examine the associations of lifestyle behaviours with healthy ageing in Cuba, Dominican Republic, Peru, Mexico and Puerto Rico, part of the 10/66 study. Residents 65 years old and over (n = 10,900) were interviewed between 2003 and 2010. In the baseline survey, we measured four healthy behaviours: Physical activity, non-smoking, moderate drinking and fruits or vegetables consumption. Healthy ageing was conceptualised within the functional ability framework over a median of 4 years follow-up. Logistic models were calculated per country and then pooled together with fixed-effects meta-analysis. People engaging in physical activity and consuming fruits or vegetables had increased odds of healthy ageing in the follow-up (OR: 2.59, 95% CI: 2.20–3.03; OR: 1.24, 95% CI: 1.06–1.44, respectively). Compared with participants engaging in none or one healthy behaviour, the ORs of participants engaging in two, three or four healthy behaviours increased in a linear way (OR: 1.60, 95% CI: 1.40–1.84; OR: 2.29, 95% CI: 1.94–2.69; OR: 2.46, 95% CI: 1.54–3.92, respectively). Our findings highlight the importance of awareness of a healthy lifestyle behaviour among older people. |
Reed, G M; Sharan, P; Rebello, T J; Keeley, J W; Medina-Mora, M E; Gureje, O; Ayuso-Mateos, J L; Kanba, S; Khoury, B; Kogan, C S; Krasnov, V N; Maj, M; de Mari, Jesus J; Stein, DJ; Zhao, M; Akiyama, T; Andrews, H F; Asevedo, E; Cheour, M; Domínguez-Martínez, T; El-Khoury, J; Fiorillo, A; Grenier, J; Gupta, N; Kola, L; Kulygina, M; Leal-Leturia, I; Luciano, M; Lusu, B; Nicolas, J; Martínez-López, I; Matsumoto, C; Onofa, Umukoro L; Paterniti, S; Purnima, S; Robles, R; Sahu, M K; Sibeko, G; Zhong, N; First, M B; Gaebel, W; Lovell, AM; Maruta, T; Roberts, M C; Pike, K M Clinical utility of ICD-11 diagnostic guidelines for high-burden mental disorders: results from mental health settings in 13 countries Artículo de revista World Psychiatry, (3), pp. 306-315, 2018. Resumen | Enlaces | BibTeX | Etiquetas: @article{Reed0000, title = {Clinical utility of ICD-11 diagnostic guidelines for high-burden mental disorders: results from mental health settings in 13 countries}, author = {G M Reed and P Sharan and T J Rebello and J W Keeley and M E Medina-Mora and O Gureje and J L Ayuso-Mateos and S Kanba and B Khoury and C S Kogan and V N Krasnov and M Maj and J de Jesus Mari and DJ Stein and M Zhao and T Akiyama and H F Andrews and E Asevedo and M Cheour and T Dom\'{i}nguez-Mart\'{i}nez and J El-Khoury and A Fiorillo and J Grenier and N Gupta and L Kola and M Kulygina and I Leal-Leturia and M Luciano and B Lusu and J Nicolas and I Mart\'{i}nez-L\'{o}pez and C Matsumoto and L Umukoro Onofa and S Paterniti and S Purnima and R Robles and M K Sahu and G Sibeko and N Zhong and M B First and W Gaebel and AM Lovell and T Maruta and M C Roberts and K M Pike}, url = {https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/30192090}, doi = {10.1002/wps.20581}, year = {2018}, date = {2018-10-17}, journal = {World Psychiatry}, number = {3}, pages = {306-315}, publisher = {John Wiley and Sons Inc.}, abstract = {In this paper we report the clinical utility of the clinical descriptions and diagnostic guidelines for ICD-11 mental, behavioural and neurodevelopmental disorders as assessed by 339 clinicians in 1,806 patients in 28 mental health settings in 13 countries. Clinician raters applied the guidelines for schizophrenia and other primary psychotic disorders, mood disorders (depressive and bipolar disorders), anxiety and fear-related disorders, and disorders specifically associated with stress. Clinician ratings of the clinical utility of the proposed ICD-11 diagnostic guidelines were very positive overall. The guidelines were perceived as easy to use, corresponding accurately to patients’ presentations (i.e., goodness of fit), clear and understandable, providing an appropriate level of detail, taking about the same or less time than clinicians’ usual practice, and providing useful guidance about distinguishing disorder from normality and from other disorders. Clinicians evaluated the guidelines as less useful for treatment selection and assessing prognosis than for communicating with other health professionals, though the former ratings were still positive overall. Field studies that assess perceived clinical utility of the proposed ICD-11 clinical descriptions and diagnostic guidelines among its intended users have very important implications. Classification is the interface between health encounters and health information; if clinicians do not feel that a new diagnostic system provides clinically useful information, they are unlikely to apply it consistently and faithfully. This will have major implications for the validity of aggregated health encounter data used for health policy and decision making. Overall, the results of this study provide considerable reason to be optimistic about the perceived clinical utility of the ICD-11 among global clinicians.}, keywords = {}, pubstate = {published}, tppubtype = {article} } In this paper we report the clinical utility of the clinical descriptions and diagnostic guidelines for ICD-11 mental, behavioural and neurodevelopmental disorders as assessed by 339 clinicians in 1,806 patients in 28 mental health settings in 13 countries. Clinician raters applied the guidelines for schizophrenia and other primary psychotic disorders, mood disorders (depressive and bipolar disorders), anxiety and fear-related disorders, and disorders specifically associated with stress. Clinician ratings of the clinical utility of the proposed ICD-11 diagnostic guidelines were very positive overall. The guidelines were perceived as easy to use, corresponding accurately to patients’ presentations (i.e., goodness of fit), clear and understandable, providing an appropriate level of detail, taking about the same or less time than clinicians’ usual practice, and providing useful guidance about distinguishing disorder from normality and from other disorders. Clinicians evaluated the guidelines as less useful for treatment selection and assessing prognosis than for communicating with other health professionals, though the former ratings were still positive overall. Field studies that assess perceived clinical utility of the proposed ICD-11 clinical descriptions and diagnostic guidelines among its intended users have very important implications. Classification is the interface between health encounters and health information; if clinicians do not feel that a new diagnostic system provides clinically useful information, they are unlikely to apply it consistently and faithfully. This will have major implications for the validity of aggregated health encounter data used for health policy and decision making. Overall, the results of this study provide considerable reason to be optimistic about the perceived clinical utility of the ICD-11 among global clinicians. |
